ATI RN
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is positioned retroperitoneally?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Retroperitoneal means behind the peritoneum; kidneys are here, unlike stomach, appendix, and liver (E, intraperitoneal), or heart (C, thoracic). Anatomically, kidneys' posterior placement aids filtration, secured against the back wall, making B correct.
Question 2 of 5
In a negative feedback system:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Negative feedback loops output back to adjust input (e.g., thermostat), stabilizing conditions, unlike constant input, useless input, or constant output. Anatomically, this regulates temperature sweat cools maintaining homeostasis, confirming C.
Question 3 of 5
When considering the fluid replacement needs of an adult, the nurse recalls that approximately what percent of an adult's body is composed of water?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adults are ~60% water , per options A9-BB, varying by age/sex (50-65%). Not B5% , CC% , or 50% too low for physiological needs. Anatomically, water fills intracellular (cells) and extracellular (blood, interstitial) spaces, supporting metabolism and homeostasis (e.g., nutrient transport). This high percentage guides fluid therapy, confirming D.
Question 4 of 5
When teaching a client about a recent back injury, the nurse explains that the intervertebral discs are composed of which of the following substances meant to serve as a cushion between the bones of the spine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intervertebral discs are fibrocartilage , a tough, fibrous cushion between vertebrae, per options A-D. Elastic cartilage is flexible (e.g., ear), dense connective forms tendons, hyaline lines joints. Anatomically, fibrocartilage's annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus absorb spinal shock, making B correct.
Question 5 of 5
The client with anemia has an inadequate number of red blood cells. The nurse is aware that the blood is categorized as which type of tissue?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood is connective tissue , per options BA-BD, with cells (e.g., RBCs) in a plasma matrix. Glandular secretes, muscle moves, epithelial lines not blood. Anatomically, blood's matrix transports nutrients, and anemia reflects RBC loss, confirming D.