ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is not true of HIV gp120?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HIV gp120 is highly variable among strains.
Question 2 of 5
Which is not a spore-forming intestinal protozoa?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Giardia forms cysts, not spores.
Question 3 of 5
Ali's mother worried about her 23-month-old baby who has chronic renal failure, his sister developed measles 2 days ago. Of the following, the MOST appropriate action is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: With chronic renal failure and recent measles exposure (2 days), the child’s risk is low if vaccinated; reassurance (B) is appropriate unless unvaccinated, where immunoglobulin (D) within 6 days might apply. Vaccine (C) is too late post-exposure.
Question 4 of 5
A 7-year-old child, a known case of chronic eczema, exposed to chickenpox 2 days ago. Of the following, the MOST appropriate action is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic eczema increases varicella severity; VZIG (B) within 96 hours post-exposure is recommended for immunocompromised or high-risk unvaccinated children, per AAP.
Question 5 of 5
A 4-year-old child presented with history of fever, headache, lethargy, abnormal behavior, and seizures; CSF examination reveal (leukocytes 350/μL with mononuclear cells predominate), protein (70 mg/dL), and glucose (69 mg/dL); serum glucose (98 mg/dL); brain imaging show temporal lobe abnormalities. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this condition is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HSV (E) encephalitis presents with fever, seizures, and temporal lobe changes on imaging, with mononuclear CSF, per pediatric neurology.