ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is not diagnostic of HIV infection in an 8-month-old child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Western immunoblot may reflect maternal antibodies in an 8-month-old, not active infection.
Question 2 of 5
A sexually active adolescent presents with copious malodorous yellow vaginal discharge with vulvovaginal irritation. Which is the most likely etiology?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trichomonas vaginalis causes malodorous, yellow discharge with irritation.
Question 3 of 5
Hind's mother brought her 2-year-old daughter to you in the primary health center, Hind's aunt developed rubella 2 weeks ago and they visited her yesterday. Hind's mother worried about herself and her daughter. Of the following, the BEST advice to Hind's mother is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rubella vaccine within 72 hours (C) post-exposure can prevent infection in an unvaccinated child, per CDC guidelines, more proactive than reassurance (B) or immunoglobulin (D, less common for rubella).
Question 4 of 5
In meningitis, the characteristic sign of increased intracranial pressure with brain herniation is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bradycardia with hypertension (E, Cushing’s triad) signals herniation in meningitis, more specific than vomiting (A), headache (B), papilledema (C), or fontanelle bulging (D, infants only).
Question 5 of 5
All the following matching regarding prevention of encephalitis are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HSV neonatal encephalitis prevention uses cesarean delivery, not IV acyclovir (E) prophylactically, unlike true matches (A, B, C, D), per guidelines.