ATI RN
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is not a serous membrane?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serous membranes (A, C, E) line body cavities and secrete fluid (e.g., parietal peritoneum, visceral pleura, pericardium). Mesentery is a peritoneal fold, still serous-related. The mouth's lining is mucous membrane, secreting mucus, not serous fluid. Anatomically, serous reduces friction in cavities; mucous protects openings, making D the outlier.
Question 2 of 5
Which serous membrane would be cut first as a physician removes an infected appendix?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal wall, cut first in appendectomy, unlike dorsal mesentery (B, organ support), visceral pleura, or parietal pleura (D, thoracic). Anatomically, it's the outer layer accessed surgically, making A correct.
Question 3 of 5
In a negative feedback system:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Negative feedback loops output back to adjust input (e.g., thermostat), stabilizing conditions, unlike constant input, useless input, or constant output. Anatomically, this regulates temperature sweat cools maintaining homeostasis, confirming C.
Question 4 of 5
When considering the fluid replacement needs of an adult, the nurse recalls that approximately what percent of an adult's body is composed of water?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adults are ~60% water , per options A9-BB, varying by age/sex (50-65%). Not B5% , CC% , or 50% too low for physiological needs. Anatomically, water fills intracellular (cells) and extracellular (blood, interstitial) spaces, supporting metabolism and homeostasis (e.g., nutrient transport). This high percentage guides fluid therapy, confirming D.
Question 5 of 5
When teaching a client about a recent back injury, the nurse explains that the intervertebral discs are composed of which of the following substances meant to serve as a cushion between the bones of the spine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intervertebral discs are fibrocartilage , a tough, fibrous cushion between vertebrae, per options A-D. Elastic cartilage is flexible (e.g., ear), dense connective forms tendons, hyaline lines joints. Anatomically, fibrocartilage's annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus absorb spinal shock, making B correct.