ATI RN
Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is descriptive of central nervous system stimulants?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, such as amphetamines and cocaine, are known to produce strong psychological dependence in individuals who use them. These substances can create a powerful craving for their effects due to their ability to increase alertness, attention, and euphoria. Psychological dependence can lead to compulsive drug-seeking behavior, even in the absence of physical withdrawal symptoms. It is important to note that while CNS stimulants can lead to physical dependence, it is typically not as pronounced as the psychological dependence that can develop.
Question 2 of 5
Which should the nurse recommend for the diet of a child with chronic renal failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a child with chronic renal failure, it is important to recommend a diet that is low in phosphorus. In chronic renal failure, the kidneys have difficulty filtering phosphorus from the blood, leading to high levels of phosphorus in the body. High phosphorus levels can contribute to bone problems and other complications in renal failure patients. By recommending a diet low in phosphorus, the nurse can help manage the child's condition and reduce the risk of further complications. It is also important to monitor other electrolyte levels such as calcium, potassium, and sodium, and adjust the diet accordingly to maintain proper balance.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on congenital heart defects. Which structural defect constitutes tetralogy of Fallot?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot is a combination of four structural defects in the heart. These include pulmonic stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve or artery), ventricular septal defect (hole in the wall that separates the two lower chambers of the heart), overriding aorta (aorta positioned directly over the ventricular septal defect), and right ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement of the right ventricle due to increased workload). Therefore, the correct combination of defects that constitute tetralogy of Fallot is pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy, which is option A.
Question 4 of 5
Which is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Streptococcus viridans is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis. This group of bacteria consists of various species, including S. sanguinis and S. mutans, which normally reside in the oral cavity and are commonly associated with endocarditis following dental procedures. Streptococcus viridans can enter the bloodstream due to dental work, oral infections, or trauma to the oral tissues, and cause infective endocarditis by adhering to damaged heart valves or endocardium. Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species are other common pathogens associated with endocarditis, but Streptococcus viridans remains the most prevalent causative agent.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is conducting discharge teaching about signs and symptoms of heart failure to parents of an infant with a repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.