Which is CONTRARY to the principles in planning a home visit?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because planning a home visit should not necessarily be conducted in a prescribed manner by the Rural Health Unit (RHU). The planning should be based on individual family needs and goals, not rigid guidelines. A: Having a purpose or objective is essential for effective home visits. B: The plan should indeed revolve around the family's health needs to provide tailored care. D: Involving a responsible family member in continuing care planning promotes family engagement and empowerment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because epidemiology focuses on studying the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in populations. By determining factors contributing to pneumonia in a 3-year-old, epidemiology helps understand the causes and risk factors of the disease at a population level. This information can lead to preventive measures and targeted interventions. A is incorrect because identifying disease conditions based on client manifestations is more related to clinical diagnosis. C is incorrect as it pertains to pharmacology and clinical trials. D is incorrect because evaluating the effectiveness of program implementations is more aligned with program evaluation rather than epidemiology.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Identify groups who are at risk of contracting the disease. The main purpose of an epidemiologic investigation is to identify populations or groups at risk of a particular disease to implement targeted preventive measures. This involves analyzing patterns of disease occurrence within different demographic groups or communities. Choice A focuses on determining the cause of an epidemic, which is not the primary purpose of epidemiologic investigations. Choice B emphasizes community cooperation, which is important but not the main goal of such investigations. Choice D pertains to mapping the geographical distribution of cases, which is a part of epidemiologic investigations but not the primary purpose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Establishing the epidemic. During this stage, comparing the present frequency of the disease with the usual frequency helps determine if there is a significant increase in cases, indicating the presence of an epidemic. This step is crucial in identifying the outbreak and initiating appropriate control measures. Choice B, Testing the hypothesis, is incorrect as this stage involves conducting experiments to test a formulated hypothesis, not comparing frequency data. Choice C, Formulation of the hypothesis, is incorrect as this stage focuses on developing a hypothesis based on initial observations, not on comparing current and usual frequencies. Choice D, Appraisal of facts, is incorrect as this stage involves evaluating all available information, not specifically comparing disease frequencies in relation to an epidemic.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small pox. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared the Philippines and other countries in the Western Pacific Region "free" of smallpox due to successful global vaccination campaigns. Smallpox is a highly contagious and deadly disease caused by the variola virus. It was eradicated worldwide in 1980, making it the first and only human disease to be eradicated through vaccination efforts. Explanation of incorrect choices: A: Pneumonic plague - Plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Pneumonic plague is a severe form of the disease, but it was not declared eradicated in 1980. B: Poliomyelitis - Polio is a viral disease that affects the nervous system. While there have been successful vaccination campaigns against polio, it was not declared eradicated in 1980. D: Anthrax - Anthrax is a bacterial infection that can affect both animals and humans