Which is an example of an individual successfully completing Erikson's"school age" stage of development?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Erikson's "school age" stage focuses on developing a sense of industry and competence. By trying out for cheerleading, the 11-year-old girl is demonstrating initiative and feeling accomplished, which aligns with this stage. Choice A is incorrect as it relates more to peer pressure and moral development. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on social interaction skills, not specifically related to Erikson's stage. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains to independent play, not directly linked to Erikson's concept of industry and competence. Overall, D best exemplifies successful completion of the "school age" stage.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "This is normal for your child's age. The child is striving for independence." Rationale: 1. At age 2, children often assert their independence by resisting authority, which includes refusing toilet training and saying "No." 2. This behavior is typical for toddlers and part of their normal developmental stage. 3. Pressuring the child or imposing firmer control may lead to power struggles and negative outcomes. 4. Recognizing and understanding the child's need for autonomy is crucial in responding effectively to their behavior. Other choices are incorrect: A: "Your child needs firmer control. It is important to set limits now." - This approach may lead to power struggles and may not address the underlying developmental stage the child is going through. C: "There may be developmental problems. Most children are toilet trained by age 2." - Making assumptions about developmental problems based on a single behavior is premature and may cause unnecessary concern for the parent. D: "Some undesirable

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it follows the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) format for problem-oriented charting. In choice B, the subjective information is the patient's statement, the objective information includes the observed behavior, assessment is the diagnosis of auditory hallucinations, and the plan includes offering medication and the outcome. Choice A lacks a clear assessment and plan, focusing more on the intervention and outcome. Choice C does not clearly link the assessment to the plan and lacks details in the subjective and objective sections. Choice D does not provide a clear separation between subjective and objective information and lacks a formal assessment section.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Projection. This defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable feelings or traits to others. In this scenario, the nurse is projecting her disappointment onto the nurse manager by suggesting that the manager's headache influenced the decision. This allows the nurse to avoid taking responsibility for not getting the promotion. A: Introjection involves internalizing external beliefs or values, which is not evident in this scenario. B: Conversion involves converting psychological distress into physical symptoms, which is not relevant to the situation. D: Splitting involves viewing people as all good or all bad, which is not demonstrated in this case.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an alteration in mood or thinking is a key characteristic of mental disorders. This indicates a disruption in normal cognitive or emotional processes, which is a defining feature of mental illnesses. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically address the core symptoms of mental disorders. Capacity to interact with others (A) and ability to deal with stress (B) are important aspects of mental health but do not necessarily indicate the presence of a mental disorder. Lack of impaired functioning (D) does not capture the complexity of mental disorders, as individuals can still experience mental health issues even if they are able to function in certain areas of their life.