ATI RN
Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular and Renal Systems Edapt Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is an appropriate prescription for a client with OCD?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Fluvoxamine (Luvox), for a client with OCD. Fluvoxamine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that is FDA-approved for treating OCD due to its effectiveness in reducing obsessions and compulsions. It helps regulate serotonin levels in the brain, which play a role in OCD symptoms. Diazepam, Propranolol, and Alprazolam are not first-line treatments for OCD and do not specifically target the underlying causes of OCD like Fluvoxamine does. Diazepam and Alprazolam are benzodiazepines that may provide short-term relief but are not recommended for long-term use due to the risk of dependence. Propranolol is a beta-blocker primarily used for anxiety symptoms related to performance rather than OCD.
Question 2 of 5
Which laboratory test value does the nurse realize can contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease and stroke?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased homocysteine level. Elevated homocysteine is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. High levels of homocysteine can damage the lining of blood vessels and promote blood clot formation. This increases the risk of atherosclerosis, leading to cardiovascular events. Incorrect choices: A: Decreased antidiuretic hormone - This hormone regulates water balance and does not directly contribute to cardiovascular disease or stroke. C: Decreased triglycerides - Low triglycerides are not a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. D: Increased high-density lipoprotein level - High levels of HDL cholesterol are actually beneficial and protective against cardiovascular disease and stroke.
Question 3 of 5
Consider these medications: carbamazepine (Tegretol), lamotrigine (Lamictal), gabapentin (Neurontin). Which medication below also belongs with this group?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Valproate (Depakote). Step-by-step rationale: 1. Valproate is an antiseizure medication like carbamazcine, lamotrigine, and gabapentin. 2. All medications listed in the question are commonly used to treat epilepsy. 3. Valproate works by increasing levels of the neurotransmitter GABA, similar to how other medications in the group work. 4. Galantamine is used for Alzheimer's, not epilepsy. Buspirone is an anxiolytic, not an antiseizure medication. Tacrine is also used for Alzheimer's, not epilepsy.
Question 4 of 5
A patient diagnosed with depression tells a nurse, “I don’t feel rested. It’s as though I didn’t sleep at all.” However, comments by night shift staff show that the patient slept through most of the night. How can these two observations be reconciled?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: People with depression often experience disturbed sleep cycles, leading to sleep deprivation. Step 2: The patient's feeling of not being rested despite sleeping can be explained by the sleep disturbances associated with depression. Step 3: This discrepancy between the patient's perception and the staff's observations can be reconciled by understanding the impact of depression on sleep. Step 4: Choice C is correct as it provides a logical explanation based on the known effects of depression on sleep. Step 5: Choices A, B, and D do not address the specific relationship between depression and sleep disturbances, making them incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
During the immediate postoperative period, the Post Anesthesia Care Unit nurse is assessing a patient who had hip surgery. The patient is experiencing tachycardia, tachypnea, and muscle rigidity, and his temperature is 103° F (39.4° C). The nurse will prepare for what immediate treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: dantrolene (Dantrium) injection, a skeletal muscle relaxant. In this scenario, the patient is likely experiencing malignant hyperthermia (MH), a rare but life-threatening complication of general anesthesia. Dantrolene is the specific treatment for MH as it acts to reduce muscle rigidity and hyperthermia. Naltrexone hydrochloride (A) is used for opioid overdose, not for MH. Anticholinesterase drugs (C) are used for reversing neuromuscular blockade, not for treating MH. CPR and intubation (D) may be needed in severe cases of MH, but the immediate treatment is to administer dantrolene to reverse the condition.