ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is a risk factor for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome caused by Sin nombre virus?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hantavirus is transmitted via aerosolized rodent excreta.
Question 2 of 5
Which is not true of infections with human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Breast-feeding increases HTLV-I transmission risk and is not safe.
Question 3 of 5
Which is not true concerning Cryptosporidium parvum infections?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cryptosporidium typically causes watery, not bloody, diarrhea.
Question 4 of 5
A 3-year-old child present with anorexia, malaise, low-grade fever, and maculopapular rash begins on the face and spreads to the body for 3 days. On examination there is retroauricular and posterior occipital lymphadenopathy. CBC show WBC, 4500/mm³ and platelate count, 110000/mm³. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rubella (A) fits with low-grade fever, maculopapular rash starting on the face, and retroauricular/occipital lymphadenopathy, unlike roseola (B, high fever then rash), measles (C, high fever), scarlet fever (D), or Kawasaki (E).
Question 5 of 5
In chickenpox, acyclovir is considered in all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acyclovir is used in high-risk chickenpox cases (A, B, C, D). Unvaccinated children <12 (E) don’t routinely need it unless complicated, per guidelines.