Which is a nursing intervention that would promote the development of trust in the nurse-client relationship?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. This is because providing clear reasons for policies and procedures helps establish transparency and fosters trust in the nurse-client relationship. By explaining the rationale behind actions taken, the nurse shows respect for the client's autonomy and promotes understanding. Choice B focuses on interpersonal communication but may not directly contribute to trust-building. Choice C involves empathy but does not necessarily directly address trust. Choice D involves collaboration but may not specifically address trust-building through transparent communication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 5-year-old with cerebral palsy. Children with cerebral palsy often face challenges in mobility, communication, and social interactions, which can contribute to the development of psychiatric problems. The physical limitations and the impact on daily activities can lead to feelings of frustration, isolation, and low self-esteem, increasing the risk of psychiatric issues. The other choices (A, C, D) do not inherently pose the same level of risk for developing psychiatric problems as cerebral palsy. Children with diabetes mellitus (A) can manage their condition with proper care, children with chronic renal disease (C) may face physical health challenges but not necessarily psychiatric problems, and a heart murmur (D) is a physical condition that typically does not directly affect mental health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because helping the patient identify incidents that trigger impulsive anger addresses the root cause of the behavior. By understanding triggers, the patient can learn to anticipate and manage their anger more effectively. This intervention promotes self-awareness and empowers the patient to develop coping strategies. Choice A is incorrect because herbal preparations may not address the underlying causes of the impulsive anger. Choice C is inappropriate as using restraint and seclusion should be a last resort and not the primary intervention. Choice D is not as effective as helping the patient identify triggers, as one-on-one supervision does not necessarily address the root cause of the behavior.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because lethargy and confusion in a client with gastroenteritis may indicate dehydration or electrolyte imbalance, which can lead to serious complications. The nurse should report this finding first to prevent deterioration. Choice A is incorrect because thick productive cough and thirst in a client with cystic fibrosis are common symptoms and may not require immediate provider notification. Choice C is incorrect because a morning fasting blood glucose of 185 mg/dL in a client with diabetes mellitus is elevated but not considered a critical finding that requires immediate reporting. Choice D is incorrect because pain 15 minutes after receiving an oral analgesic is a common occurrence and does not indicate an urgent need for provider notification.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because discussing options and helping the patient weigh consequences promotes autonomy by involving the patient in decision-making. This empowers the patient to make informed choices about their care. A is incorrect as it limits the patient's autonomy. B restricts the patient's support system. D focuses on setting boundaries rather than promoting autonomous decision-making.