ATI RN
Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is a major complication in a child with chronic renal failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A major complication in a child with chronic renal failure is water and sodium retention, leading to fluid overload and hypertension. Because the kidneys are not functioning properly, they are unable to regulate fluid and sodium levels in the body effectively. This can result in edema, increased blood pressure, and potential heart complications. Monitoring and managing fluid and sodium intake are essential in managing this complication in children with chronic renal failure.
Question 2 of 5
Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 101° F. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A temperature of 101°F after cardiac surgery in a young child, especially 72 hours post-surgery, is a concerning finding that should be reported to the physician. This elevated temperature could indicate infection or another complication following the surgery. It is important for the physician to evaluate the child's condition and determine the appropriate course of action. Simply recording the temperature on nurses' notes or keeping the child warm with blankets is not adequate management in this situation. Applying a hypothermia blanket would also not be appropriate as the child is already febrile. The priority in this scenario is to report the findings to the physician for further assessment and intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A preschool child is scheduled for an echocardiogram. Parents ask the nurse whether they can hold the child during the procedure. The nurse should answer with which response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is that "You will be able to hold your child during the procedure." It is common for parents to be allowed to hold their child during an echocardiogram to provide comfort and reassurance. This can help the child stay calm and cooperative during the procedure. Holding the child can also create a familiar and secure environment, making it easier for the healthcare provider to perform the echocardiogram successfully.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has just had a TURP asks his nurse to explain why he has to have the bladder irrigation because it seems to increase his pain. Which of the following explanations by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best explanation for the patient is option C, which states, "The irrigation is needed to keep the catheter from becoming occluded by blood clots." After a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), it is common for the patient to have some bleeding in the bladder. Bladder irrigation is done to prevent blood clots from forming and blocking the catheter. Keeping the catheter patent is important to ensure proper drainage of urine and prevent complications such as urinary retention. While the other options are related to potential reasons for bladder irrigation, option C directly addresses the immediate concern of preventing catheter occlusion by blood clots post-TURP surgery.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has cloudy penile discharge. For which additional symptoms of urethritis should the nurse assess?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cloudy penile discharge is a common symptom of urethritis, which is inflammation of the urethra usually caused by an infection, such as a sexually transmitted infection (STI) like gonorrhea or chlamydia. Painful and frequent urination are also classic symptoms of urethritis. Painful urination, or dysuria, may occur due to the irritation and inflammation of the urethra. Frequency of urination can be a result of the body's response to the infection or inflammation. Therefore, assessing for these additional symptoms helps in confirming the diagnosis of urethritis and determining the appropriate treatment for the patient.