Which is a characteristic of person-to-person propagated epidemic?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because person-to-person propagated epidemics typically involve a gradual build-up of cases before becoming easily noticeable. Initially, there may be only a few cases, but as the disease spreads from person to person, the number of cases increases over time, leading to a noticeable epidemic. This gradual increase allows for early detection and intervention. Choice A is incorrect because the number of cases being more than expected does not specifically relate to person-to-person propagation. Choice B is incorrect as person-to-person transmission does not necessarily involve a vector. Choice C is incorrect because a common vehicle refers to a single source of infection, not the spread between individuals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (99.06:100). To calculate the sex ratio, we need to divide the number of males by the number of females, which gives us 35,299,000 / 34,968,000 = 1.0094. This ratio can be expressed as a percentage by multiplying by 100, giving us 100.94%. Therefore, the sex ratio is 100.94 males for every 100 females, which can be simplified to 99.06:100. Summary: B: 100.94:100 - Incorrect, this is the correct ratio but in reverse order. C: 50.23% - Incorrect, this is not the sex ratio. D: 49.76% - Incorrect, this is not the sex ratio.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sensitivity. Sensitivity refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those with the disease (true positive rate). In the context of sputum examination for pulmonary tuberculosis, a false negative result means the test failed to detect the disease in individuals who actually have it, indicating low sensitivity. Choices A, B, and C are not the correct answers because effectiveness refers to the overall impact of the test, efficacy refers to the ability to produce a desired effect under ideal conditions, and specificity refers to the ability of the test to correctly identify those without the disease (true negative rate).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: RA 8483. This law specifically created the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care. The rationale behind this is that RA 8483 was enacted to establish and promote traditional and alternative health care practices in the Philippines. It outlines the functions and responsibilities of the institute, making it the most suitable choice among the options provided. Summary: - B: RA 4823 does not exist and is not related to the creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care. - C: RA 2483 is also non-existent and does not pertain to the establishment of the institute. - D: RA 3482 is not the correct law as it is not associated with the creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Presidential Decree No. 147. This decree, issued in 1973, officially adopted the Primary Health Care approach in the Philippines. It emphasized the importance of preventive and promotive health services at the community level. This legal basis laid the foundation for the implementation of Primary Health Care principles nationwide. A: The Alma Ata Declaration of Primary Health Care is a global statement of commitment to achieving Health for All by the year 2000, but it is not the legal basis for PHC in the Philippines. B: Letter of Instruction No 949 is a directive issued by the President for the implementation of the Barangay Health Workers Program, but it is not the legal basis for PHC in the Philippines. D: Presidential Decree 996 is not related to Primary Health Care in the Philippines.