ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is a bright red, rubbery nodule with a rough surface and a well-defined margin that may be present at birth?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A strawberry hemangioma, also known as an infantile hemangioma, is a bright red, rubbery nodule with a rough surface and a well-defined margin that may be present at birth or appear shortly after. This common type of benign vascular tumor occurs on the skin and typically grows rapidly during the first few months of life before eventually shrinking and disappearing by early childhood. It is composed of an overgrowth of blood vessels and is considered a benign condition that generally does not require treatment unless it interferes with vision, breathing, or other essential functions.
Question 2 of 5
What causes meconium aspiration syndrome?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Meconium aspiration syndrome occurs when a newborn inhales (aspirates) a mixture of meconium (the baby's first stool) and amniotic fluid while in the uterus or during delivery. This can lead to respiratory distress and obstruction of the airways. The presence of meconium in the lungs can cause inflammation, airway obstruction, and in severe cases, can result in pneumonia or respiratory failure. Bowel obstruction with meconium (Choice C) does not directly cause meconium aspiration syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is admitting a preterm newborn to the NICU. Which interventions should the nurse implement to prevent retinopathy? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and pediatric nursing, preventing retinopathy in preterm newborns is crucial. The correct intervention is to decrease exposure to bright, direct lighting (Option B). This is because preterm infants have underdeveloped retinas and are sensitive to bright light, which can contribute to the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). By minimizing light exposure, the nurse can help protect the infant's eyes. The incorrect options are: A) Placing on pulse oximetry is not directly related to preventing retinopathy. While monitoring oxygen levels is important in neonatal care, it is not a specific intervention for preventing ROP. C) Placing on a cardiac monitor also does not directly impact the risk of retinopathy. Cardiac monitoring is important for assessing the infant's cardiac status but does not address eye protection. D) Covering eyes with an eye shield at night is not recommended as a routine intervention for preventing ROP. While eye shields may be used in specific cases where there is a medical indication, it is not a standard practice for all preterm newborns. In pediatric nursing practice, understanding the unique vulnerabilities of preterm infants and implementing targeted interventions, such as reducing exposure to bright light, is essential for providing optimal care and preventing complications like ROP. Nurses play a critical role in advocating for the safety and well-being of their neonatal patients, including implementing evidence-based strategies to mitigate risks associated with prematurity.
Question 4 of 5
When interviewing the mother of a 3-year-old child, the nurse asks about developmental milestones such as the age of walking without assistance. How should this question be considered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asking about developmental milestones such as the age at which a child started walking without assistance is considered an important part of the child's past medical history. This information helps the nurse assess if the child is meeting typical developmental milestones for their age. It also provides valuable insight into the child's growth and development, aiding in early identification of any potential developmental delays or concerns. Therefore, in the context of interviewing the mother of a 3-year-old child, inquiring about such developmental milestones is relevant and important for the child's past history.
Question 5 of 5
During a funduscopic examination of a school-age child, the nurse notes a brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A brilliant, uniform red reflex during a funduscopic examination is considered a normal finding. The red reflex is caused by the reflection of light off the retina, specifically the blood vessels in the retina. A uniform red reflex indicates that the light is reflecting evenly from both eyes, suggesting symmetrical and clear lenses and corneas. This finding is typically seen in healthy individuals and is a reassuring sign of normal eye health.