Which intervention would be most appropriate for a patient experiencing severe anxiety?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administering anti-anxiety medication as prescribed. This option is the most appropriate because severe anxiety may require pharmacological intervention to quickly alleviate symptoms and provide relief. Anti-anxiety medication can help regulate neurotransmitters and reduce overwhelming anxiety. Choice A is incorrect as immediate confrontation of fears may exacerbate anxiety symptoms. Choice C is incorrect as simply telling a patient to calm down may not effectively address severe anxiety. Choice D is incorrect as distraction through conversation and humor may not be sufficient for severe anxiety and may not address the underlying issue. In summary, pharmacological intervention is the most effective and immediate approach for managing severe anxiety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Excessive worry about a variety of topics. This is a common symptom of generalized anxiety disorder as individuals experience persistent and excessive worry about various aspects of their lives. This worry is difficult to control and can interfere with daily functioning. Choice B is incorrect because hyperactivity and impulsivity are more characteristic of conditions like ADHD rather than generalized anxiety disorder. Choice C is incorrect as euphoria and grandiosity are symptoms of conditions like bipolar disorder, not generalized anxiety disorder. Choice D is incorrect as hallucinations are not typically associated with generalized anxiety disorder but may be seen in conditions like schizophrenia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Using simple, clear language. This is an appropriate communication technique for a patient with dementia because it helps to minimize confusion and enhance understanding. Patients with dementia may have difficulty processing complex information, so using simple language can help them grasp the message. Speaking loudly and slowly (choice A) can be perceived as patronizing and may cause distress. Using complex medical terminology (choice C) can lead to further confusion. Telling the patient they will recover soon (choice D) is inappropriate as it provides false hope and can cause disappointment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assessing for signs of extrapyramidal symptoms. This is the priority intervention because antipsychotic medications can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, which can be serious and require immediate attention. Monitoring for these symptoms allows for early detection and intervention to prevent further complications. A: Monitoring for signs of weight loss and dehydration is important but not the priority compared to assessing for extrapyramidal symptoms. B: Encouraging the patient to maintain adequate hydration and nutrition is important for overall health but not the priority in this case. C: Providing education on the importance of taking the medication daily is essential but assessing for potential side effects takes precedence.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because encouraging the patient to participate in small, achievable activities aligns with behavioral activation therapy, which is an evidence-based approach for treating depression. By engaging in activities, the patient can experience a sense of accomplishment, boost self-esteem, and improve motivation. A: While exercise can be beneficial for depression, it may be overwhelming for a patient feeling tired and unmotivated. B: Trying a new hobby may not address the underlying lack of motivation and may not be achievable for someone with depression. C: Reassurance alone may not be sufficient for addressing the symptoms of depression and medication may not be the only solution.