ATI RN
Chapter 41 Oxygenation NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which intervention is most important when caring for a patient with a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Administer anticoagulant therapy as prescribed. Rationale: 1. Anticoagulant therapy helps prevent further clot formation in the lungs. 2. It helps dissolve existing clots and improve blood flow. 3. This intervention is crucial in managing and treating pulmonary embolism effectively. Summary: - A: Placing the patient in a supine position may worsen the condition by reducing blood flow to the lungs. - C: Deep breathing exercises are beneficial, but anticoagulant therapy takes precedence. - D: Restricting fluid intake is not a priority in the management of a pulmonary embolism.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient with pneumonia about effective airway clearance. What instruction is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase fluid intake to thin mucus. Adequate hydration helps to thin mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways. This promotes effective airway clearance in patients with pneumonia. Incorrect choices: B: Using a peak flow meter is more relevant for monitoring asthma and not directly related to airway clearance in pneumonia. C: Limiting physical activity can lead to decreased lung function and impaired mucus clearance. D: Avoiding coughing can worsen pneumonia by allowing mucus to accumulate in the airways, leading to infection and further respiratory complications.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with an acute asthma attack is using an albuterol inhaler frequently. What is the nurse's best action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the patient's technique for inhaler use. This is crucial because improper inhaler technique can lead to ineffective medication delivery. By assessing the technique, the nurse can ensure the patient is using the inhaler correctly to optimize treatment efficacy. Providing education on spacer devices (B) may be beneficial, but assessing the current technique should be the initial step. Notifying the healthcare provider for additional treatment options (C) is premature without first assessing the current technique. Teaching the patient to use the inhaler only as needed (D) does not address the core issue of proper technique.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse reviews arterial blood gas results for a patient with respiratory distress: pH 7.25, PaCO2 55 mm Hg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L. What is the interpretation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uncompensated respiratory acidosis. The low pH (acidosis) and high PaCO2 (respiratory component) indicate respiratory acidosis. The HCO3- level is within normal range, suggesting no metabolic compensation. Therefore, it is uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Option A is incorrect because the pH is not within the normal range, indicating partial compensation has not occurred. Option C is incorrect as the HCO3- level is normal, ruling out metabolic acidosis. Option D is incorrect because the patient's pH is acidic, not alkalotic.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was hospitalized for increasing shortness of breath and chronic hypoxemia (SaO2 levels of 89% to 90%). In planning for discharge, which action by the nurse will be most effective in improving compliance with discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because accomplishing patient teaching just before discharge ensures the information is fresh in the patient's mind. This timing maximizes retention and understanding of instructions, increasing compliance post-discharge. Choice A lacks timing specificity. Choice B may not always be feasible, and the caregiver may not be available. Choice D is a duplicate of choice B and does not address the timing issue. Ultimately, timing the teaching just before discharge is the most effective strategy for improving compliance.