ATI RN
Oxygen Therapy NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which intervention is most effective for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Performing oral care with chlorhexidine. This intervention is most effective for preventing VAP because it helps reduce the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity, which can be aspirated into the lungs. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic agent that can effectively reduce the risk of developing pneumonia. Summary of other choices: B: Changing ventilator tubing every shift - While maintaining clean ventilator tubing is important for infection prevention, it is not the most effective intervention for preventing VAP. C: Suctioning the patient hourly - Frequent suctioning may be necessary for airway clearance, but it is not specifically targeted at preventing VAP. D: Keeping the patient sedated continuously - Continuous sedation may lead to complications such as prolonged ventilation and increased risk of pneumonia. It is not a recommended strategy for preventing VAP.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse supervises a student nurse who is assigned to take care of a patient with active tuberculosis (TB). Which action, if performed by the student nurse, would require an intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because hand washing should be performed not just before entering the room but also immediately upon leaving it to prevent the spread of TB. Hand hygiene is crucial in infection control. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because offering a tissue, wearing a surgical mask, and bringing a snack do not pose a risk of spreading TB and are appropriate actions in caring for a patient with active TB.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is undergoing chemotherapy. Which intervention should be implemented to prevent infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer prophylactic antibiotics. This intervention helps prevent infection in the patient undergoing chemotherapy by targeting potential pathogens before they cause harm. Chemotherapy can weaken the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections. Providing a mask (choice A) may help reduce exposure but does not directly address preventing infection. Repositioning the patient (choice C) is important for preventing complications like pressure ulcers but does not specifically target infection prevention. Performing a sputum culture (choice D) is useful for diagnosing respiratory infections but does not focus on preventing infections proactively. Administering prophylactic antibiotics is a targeted approach to reducing the risk of infection in immunocompromised patients.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a history of diabetes is experiencing dizziness and confusion. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer an antiemetic. When a patient with diabetes presents with dizziness and confusion, it could indicate hypoglycemia. However, administering glucose without confirming the blood sugar level can be dangerous if the patient's symptoms are not due to low blood sugar. Administering an antiemetic first can help rule out other causes of the symptoms, such as nausea or vomiting, before addressing potential hypoglycemia. Administering glucagon injection or oral glucose should only be done if confirmed hypoglycemia.
Question 5 of 5
A 55-yr-old patient with increasing dyspnea is being evaluated for a possible diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When teaching a patient about pulmonary spirometry for this condition, what is the most important question the nurse should ask?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Have you had frequent streptococcal throat infections? This is the most important question to ask because repeated streptococcal throat infections can lead to bronchiectasis, which is a risk factor for COPD. Bronchiectasis causes permanent dilation of the bronchi, leading to airflow obstruction. It is crucial to assess this history as it can provide valuable information on the patient's risk for developing COPD. A: Are you claustrophobic? - This question is not directly related to the assessment for COPD through pulmonary spirometry. B: Have you taken any bronchodilators today? - While important for assessing current medication use, it is not as crucial as determining the history of streptococcal throat infections. D: Do you use antihistamines for upper airway congestion? - Antihistamine use may not be directly linked to the risk factors for COPD development.