Which intervention for the client with PE could be delegated to the LPN/LVN on your client care team?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of caring for a client with a pulmonary embolism (PE), the correct answer is D) Auscultate lung sounds for crackles. This task involves a specific skill set that falls within the scope of practice for an LPN/LVN. Auscultating lung sounds for crackles is crucial in assessing the respiratory status of the client, especially in cases of PE where there can be potential complications like pulmonary edema. Option A, evaluating the client's complaints of chest pain, involves a higher level of assessment and interpretation of symptoms, which is typically within the scope of a registered nurse or higher-level provider. Option B, monitoring lab values for changes in oxygenation, requires a deeper understanding of interpreting lab results and making clinical decisions based on those results, making it more appropriate for an RN. Option C, assessing for symptoms of respiratory failure, also involves a higher level of assessment and critical thinking skills that are generally within the RN's scope of practice. Providing this educational context helps clarify the specific roles and responsibilities of different members of the healthcare team based on their training and licensure levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In young adults with cystic fibrosis, meeting developmental tasks becomes a major problem primarily because they must also adapt to a chronic disease (Option B). This is the correct answer because cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that affects the lungs and digestive system, requiring lifelong management and medical care. Young adults with cystic fibrosis face challenges in balancing their health needs with other life responsibilities, impacting their emotional, social, and physical development. Option A is incorrect because while some individuals with cystic fibrosis may eventually need a lung transplant, this is not the primary reason meeting developmental tasks becomes challenging. Option C is incorrect as cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disorder, so not all children of individuals with cystic fibrosis will necessarily have the condition. Option D is also incorrect as financial independence is not the primary developmental challenge faced by young adults with cystic fibrosis. Educationally, understanding the challenges faced by individuals with cystic fibrosis is crucial for healthcare providers, educators, and caregivers to provide appropriate support and interventions to help these young adults navigate their unique developmental journey while managing their chronic condition effectively. It highlights the importance of holistic care and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to address the physical, emotional, and social needs of individuals with cystic fibrosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (500 ml) because tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing. In an average adult man, the typical tidal volume is around 500 ml. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they represent volumes that are too high for tidal volume in a typical adult. Choice B (1500 ml) is too high and would be more in line with inspiratory reserve volume. Choice C (1200 ml) is also too high and would be closer to total lung capacity. Choice D (4500 ml) is significantly higher and would be more in line with vital capacity. Therefore, the correct answer is A (500 ml) as it aligns with the normal tidal volume during breathing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Double Bohr effect involves the reciprocal exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide, leading to increased oxygenation of fetal blood and enhanced removal of carbon dioxide. This synergistic effect helps in efficient gas exchange during respiration. Option A is partially correct but doesn't encompass all the benefits of the Double Bohr effect. Option B is not entirely accurate as it focuses only on oxygenation without considering the role of carbon dioxide exchange. Option C is incorrect as it overlooks the oxygenation aspect of the Double Bohr effect. Therefore, the most comprehensive and accurate choice is D, as it encompasses all the advantages of the Double Bohr effect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vagus nerve. The vagus nerve is responsible for controlling the bronchial tree's smooth muscle and gland secretions, regulating breathing. It innervates the lungs and plays a crucial role in the parasympathetic control of the respiratory system. The other options (A: Trochlear nerve, B: Trigeminal nerve, C: Phrenic nerve) are not connected to the bronchial tree or involved in respiratory control.