Which intervention for airway management should you delegate to the nursing assistant?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A: Assist client to sit up on the side of the bed. This intervention is appropriate to be delegated to a nursing assistant because it is a basic task that falls within their scope of practice and does not require specialized training or clinical judgment. Option B, instructing the client to cough effectively, involves providing specific guidance on a therapeutic technique that requires more knowledge and skill, making it more appropriate for a nurse to perform. Option C, teaching the client to use incentive spirometry, involves education on a medical device and its proper use, which is beyond the scope of a nursing assistant's role. Option D, auscultating breath sounds every 4 hours, is a skilled nursing assessment task that requires clinical judgment to interpret findings. This task should be performed by a nurse who can analyze the data collected and make appropriate decisions based on the assessment findings. In an educational context, understanding the delegation of tasks is crucial for healthcare professionals to work effectively as a team. By clearly delineating roles and responsibilities based on skill levels and scopes of practice, patient care can be delivered safely and efficiently. Nursing assistants play a vital role in supporting patient care by carrying out delegated tasks under the supervision of licensed nurses, ensuring that each team member contributes to the overall well-being of the patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Follow the written asthma action plan (e.g., take quick-relief medication) if the expiratory flow rate is in the yellow zone. This is the correct instruction because peak flow meters are used to monitor lung function in asthma patients. The yellow zone on the peak flow meter indicates caution, signaling that the patient's lung function is decreasing. By following the asthma action plan if the expiratory flow rate falls into the yellow zone, the patient can take appropriate steps to manage their asthma and prevent exacerbations. Option A is incorrect because carrying the flow meter at all times is not necessary and may lead to unnecessary anxiety for the patient. Option B is incorrect as checking the status of asthma every time quick-relief medication is taken may not be necessary and could lead to overuse of medication. Option D is incorrect as it describes the technique of using the flow meter, which is not the main focus of the question. Educationally, understanding how to use a peak flow meter and interpret the results is crucial for asthma management. Teaching patients how to monitor their lung function empowers them to take control of their condition and make informed decisions about their care. It also helps healthcare providers assess the effectiveness of treatment plans and adjust them accordingly.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tracheal respiration is a type of respiration system found in insects and millipedes. This system involves the use of tracheae, which are tiny tubes that deliver oxygen directly to tissues. Insects and millipedes have evolved this efficient respiratory system to support their high metabolic rates. Scorpions and prawns (Choice B), Pila and lobsters (Choice C), and starfish and sea cucumbers (Choice D) do not have tracheal respiration systems. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased CO2 uptake to minimize CO2 tension. The Haldane effect describes how the blood's ability to carry CO2 increases as oxygen levels decrease. When oxygen binds to hemoglobin, it displaces CO2, allowing more CO2 to be carried by the blood. This phenomenon is crucial in the exchange of gases in the lungs and tissues. Choice B is incorrect as the Haldane effect is related to CO2, not O2 tension. Choice C is incorrect as the Haldane effect leads to increased CO2 uptake, not decreased. Choice D is incorrect as it states decreases O2 tension, which is not directly related to the Haldane effect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because hiccups are caused by the irritation of the phrenic nerve, which controls the diaphragm muscle responsible for breathing. When the nerve is irritated, it causes the diaphragm to contract involuntarily, leading to the characteristic sound of hiccups. Choice A (Increased inspiration) is incorrect as hiccups are not caused by increased inspiration but rather by involuntary contractions of the diaphragm. Choice C (Expanded stomach) is incorrect as hiccups are not directly related to the size of the stomach but rather to nerve irritation. Choice D (Acidity in the stomach) is incorrect as hiccups are not primarily caused by stomach acidity, but by nerve irritation leading to diaphragm contractions.