Which intervention best reflects the nursing role regarding effective implementation of behavioral therapy goals?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Evaluating patient behaviors to reward economic tokens appropriately. In the context of behavioral therapy goals, this intervention aligns closely with the principles of operant conditioning, a key component of behavior change theories. By evaluating and reinforcing positive behaviors with economic tokens, nurses can effectively encourage and sustain the desired behaviors in patients. This approach utilizes positive reinforcement to motivate behavior change, making it a powerful tool in promoting adherence to therapeutic goals. Option A, administering prescribed medications accurately, while important for the patient's physical health, does not directly address behavioral therapy goals. Option B, interacting effectively with members of the healthcare team, is essential for collaboration but not specifically focused on behavioral therapy. Option C, being aware of patient-related therapeutic modalities, is important but does not address the active role nurses can play in promoting behavior change through reinforcement strategies. In an educational context, understanding the role of positive reinforcement in behavior change is crucial for nurses working to support patients in achieving their health goals. By recognizing the impact of rewards on behavior, nurses can tailor interventions to effectively promote sustained behavior change and improve patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, option A, "Offer to dance with the patient," is the most appropriate choice to encourage an extremely shy patient to participate therapeutically in a dance activity group. By offering to dance with the patient, the nurse demonstrates empathy, support, and a willingness to engage at the patient's comfort level. This gesture can help build trust and rapport, making the patient feel more secure and willing to participate. It also provides a direct invitation for the patient to engage in the activity without having to initiate it themselves, which can be especially challenging for shy individuals. Option B, "Ask the patient if this is the first dance he has attended," may come across as intrusive or embarrassing for the patient. It does not actively encourage participation or address the patient's shyness directly. Option C, "Sit with the patient away from the group," while well-intentioned, does not actively facilitate the patient's engagement in the dance activity group. It may provide some comfort initially but does not address the core issue of encouraging participation. Option D, "Encourage another patient to ask him to dance," relies on external factors for the shy patient to participate, which may not be effective. It places the burden of initiation on another individual and does not directly address the patient's needs or comfort level. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses and healthcare providers to be sensitive to individual differences in behavior and communication styles. Encouraging patient participation through personalized approaches, such as offering support and active engagement, can help build therapeutic relationships and enhance patient outcomes, especially in settings like dance therapy where active participation is key to the therapeutic process.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Reorient as necessary to time, place, and person as level of consciousness improves. This is the nurse's first priority because after receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), patients often experience confusion, disorientation, and memory loss. Therefore, it is crucial to help the patient regain their orientation to time, place, and person to ensure their safety and well-being. By providing reorientation, the nurse can help alleviate the patient's anxiety and prevent any potential harm that may arise from their disorientation. Option A is incorrect because continually stimulating the patient can increase their anxiety and distress, especially when they are already disoriented post-ECT. This approach may worsen the patient's confusion and hinder their recovery. Option B is incorrect as bagging a patient continuously for respiratory function is not typically indicated after ECT. This intervention is more relevant in managing respiratory distress or arrest, which is not typically an immediate concern post-ECT. Option D is incorrect as encouraging walking and eating breakfast as quickly as possible is not appropriate immediately after ECT. The patient needs time to recover from the procedure and regain their orientation before engaging in physical activities or consuming food. In an educational context, understanding the immediate post-ECT care priorities is essential for nurses caring for these patients. By prioritizing reorientation and providing appropriate support, nurses can ensure the safety and well-being of patients undergoing ECT.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dr. Karen Horney, a notable psychoanalyst, diverged from Sigmund Freud's theories and emphasized the significance of social and cultural factors in shaping human behavior. In the context of her patient's abnormal behavior, she believed that ineffective mother-child bonding was a crucial factor. The correct answer, B) Mother-child bonding, aligns with Horney's theory of neurosis development, where early relationships, particularly with the mother, play a pivotal role. Horney believed that disturbances in the mother-child relationship could lead to feelings of insecurity and anxiety, contributing to abnormal behaviors. Option A) Parenting is too broad and does not specifically address the quality of the bond between the mother and child, which was central to Horney's theory. Option C) Environmental stressors may influence behavior but does not directly reflect Horney's focus on interpersonal relationships. Option D) Genetic markers are not within the scope of Horney's psychosocial theories. Understanding Horney's perspective provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between early relationships and psychological well-being. By grasping her emphasis on mother-child bonding, students can appreciate the holistic approach she advocated for in understanding and addressing abnormal behaviors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Abraham Maslow introduced the hierarchy of needs as part of his humanist theory. This theory consisted of five levels of need. Maslow's hierarchy of needs begins at a lower level and proceeds to a higher level. These levels are physiological needs, safety and security needs, love and belonging, the self-esteem, and self-actualization.