ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which instruction(s) will the nurse include when teaching patients about gentamicin? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic associated with ototoxicity, which can manifest as hearing loss or tinnitus. Patients should be instructed to report any changes in hearing. Sunscreen is not specifically required for gentamicin, as it does not cause photosensitivity. Intravenous gentamicin is typically infused over 30-60 minutes, not 20 minutes. Monitoring for mouth ulcers and vaginitis is not a priority with gentamicin, but renal function and ototoxicity should be closely monitored.
Question 2 of 5
A patient in the clinic reports difficulty tolerating the current ACE inhibitor medication, and questions if another medication could be used. The nurse correctly suspects the prescriber will choose which medication, which affects the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that affects the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and is often used as an alternative to ACE inhibitors. Atenolol (A) is a beta-blocker, spironolactone (C) is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and adenosine (D) is used for arrhythmias. ARBs like losartan are preferred for patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors due to side effects like cough or angioedema.
Question 3 of 5
Gold sodium thiomalate is prescribed to a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following side effects indicates an overdose of the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: Gold sodium thiomalate is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The correct answer is option D) Metallic taste, indicating an overdose of the medication. Excessive dosing of gold sodium thiomalate can lead to a metallic taste in the mouth, a common side effect of toxicity. This adverse reaction is a result of the gold compound accumulating in the body beyond therapeutic levels. Option A) Flushing is a common side effect of gold therapy but is not specific to an overdose. It is often seen with initial doses and tends to diminish over time. Option B) Dizziness is a general side effect of many medications, including gold sodium thiomalate, but it is not a definitive sign of overdose. Option C) Joint pain is a symptom of rheumatoid arthritis itself and would not specifically indicate an overdose of gold sodium thiomalate. Educationally, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the side effects and toxicities associated with medications like gold sodium thiomalate to ensure safe and effective patient care. Monitoring for signs of overdose, such as a metallic taste, is essential in managing patients receiving this drug.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed with carbamazepine (Tegretol) for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Which of the following laboratory results indicates that the client is experiencing a side effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbamazepine can cause leukopenia, including neutropenia, as a side effect. A neutrophil count of 1,200/mm3 is below the normal range and indicates a potential adverse effect. Platelet count, uric acid, and SGPT levels are within normal ranges and do not indicate side effects. Therefore, the neutrophil count is the concerning result.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs causes the most significant inhibition of metabolism of rifabutin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rifabutin, metabolized by CYP3A4, is affected by inhibitors. Zidovudine, enfuvirtide, and nevirapine don't strongly inhibit CYP3A4. St John's wort induces it, lowering levels. Ritonavir, a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor, significantly slows rifabutin metabolism, raising levels and toxicity risk (e.g., uveitis), the most impactful. This interaction requires dose adjustment, critical in HIV-TB co-treatment.