ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which instruction is important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient about imatinib therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of imatinib, leading to increased drug levels and a higher risk of side effects. Patients should be advised to avoid grapefruit juice while on imatinib therapy. Headaches are not typically an emergency unless severe or accompanied by other symptoms. Imatinib is a long-term treatment, not one that stops working after 2 months. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not required; it can be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
Question 2 of 5
The physician ordered a loading dose of medication for the patient; it is to be followed by a lower dose. When the patient receives the lower dose, she says to the nurse, 'I think my doctor made a mistake; my medication dose is too low.' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A loading dose rapidly achieves therapeutic levels, followed by a lower maintenance dose, a standard approach explained clearly here. Half-life isn't shortened-it's about concentration. ‘Always' oversimplifies. Side effect reduction isn't the goal-efficacy is. The larger initial dose's purpose reassures the patient, aligning with pharmacokinetic principles for quick action.
Question 3 of 5
The following drugs are partial agonists:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Buprenorphine is a partial agonist at opioid receptors, providing analgesia with a ceiling effect, reducing risk of respiratory depression.
Question 4 of 5
A patient will be taking niacin as part of antilipemic therapy. What is the best way to avoid problems with flushing or pruritus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best way to avoid problems with flushing or pruritus when taking niacin for antilipemic therapy is to take the medication with a full glass of water on an empty stomach. This method helps to minimize the chances of flushing or itching commonly associated with niacin therapy. Niacin can cause flushing by dilating blood vessels, leading to redness, warmth, and itching of the skin. Taking it on an empty stomach with water can help reduce the intensity of these side effects. Starting with a low initial dose and then gradually increasing it can also help to reduce flushing and other adverse effects associated with niacin therapy.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse administers IV potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. Which precaution should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potassium chloride corrects hypokalemia but is caustic IV, risking phlebitis or tissue damage if it infiltrates. Monitoring the IV site prevents complications, a key precaution. Undiluted or rapid infusion causes burns or arrhythmias'standard is diluted, <10 mEq/hour. A syringe pump isn't required'IV pumps suffice. Site monitoring aligns with potassium's administration risks, critical in hypokalemia where cardiac effects (e.g., arrhythmias) are at stake, making C the nurse's priority to ensure safe delivery.