ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which information will the nurse provide for a patient with newly diagnosed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep the head of your bed elevated on blocks. Elevating the head of the bed can help prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep, reducing nighttime symptoms of GERD. This position helps gravity keep the acid in the stomach. A: Peppermint tea may actually worsen GERD symptoms as it can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing acid to reflux back into the esophagus. C: Avoiding eating between meals will not reduce acid secretion and may even lead to larger meals, which can trigger reflux symptoms. D: Vigorous physical activities can worsen GERD symptoms by increasing intra-abdominal pressure, pushing stomach contents back up into the esophagus. In summary, the correct answer is B because it directly addresses a practical measure to alleviate GERD symptoms during sleep, while the other choices do not effectively manage the condition.
Question 2 of 5
Which organ produces and secretes bile?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: liver. The liver produces and secretes bile which helps in the digestion of fats. B: gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. C: pancreas secretes digestive enzymes but not bile. D: duodenum is the first part of the small intestine where bile is released to aid in digestion.
Question 3 of 5
Fatty acids and glycerol are released when _____ are broken down by liver or muscle cells.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: chylomicrons. Chylomicrons are lipoprotein particles that transport dietary lipids (including fatty acids and glycerol) from the small intestine to the liver or muscle cells for metabolism. When chylomicrons reach the liver or muscles, lipoprotein lipase breaks them down, releasing fatty acids and glycerol for energy production or storage. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: Micelles are small lipid droplets formed in the small intestine to aid in lipid digestion and absorption, but they do not release fatty acids and glycerol when broken down. C: Lacteals are lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb dietary fats, but they do not release fatty acids and glycerol. D: Lipoproteins are involved in transporting lipids in the bloodstream but do not release fatty acids and glycerol when broken down.
Question 4 of 5
Na+ and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Na+ facilitates the absorption of glucose and amino acids through sodium-dependent transporters in the intestinal cells. Glucose and amino acids are transported into the cells along with Na+ ions, making option D the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Na+ does not facilitate the absorption of fructose, fatty acids, or glycerol through specific transport mechanisms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing care for a client who had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Instruct the client not to lift over 4.5 kg (10 lb). Rationale: 1. Lifting restrictions are crucial post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent strain on the surgical site. 2. Lifting heavy objects can lead to complications such as incisional hernias or wound dehiscence. 3. Following lifting restrictions aids in the proper healing of the surgical incisions. 4. Placing the client in a supine position (A) may be uncomfortable due to gas used during surgery. Ambulation (B) is important but not the priority immediately post-op. Offering ice cream (C) is not relevant to postoperative care.