ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient how to avoid chronic constipation? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bulk-forming laxatives are an excellent source of fiber. Fiber helps to soften stools, regulate bowel movements, and prevent constipation. By increasing fiber intake through bulk-forming laxatives or dietary sources, the patient can promote regularity and prevent chronic constipation. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Stimulant and saline laxatives can cause dependency and are not recommended for regular use as they can disrupt the natural bowel function. C: While physical activity like walking or cycling can aid in bowel motility, it is not the primary factor in preventing chronic constipation. D: Timing of bowel movements can vary among individuals, and there is no specific "good time" universally applicable for everyone to have a bowel movement.
Question 2 of 5
Ferritin is a globular protein that transports and stores ______ in the liver and blood.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: iron. Ferritin is a protein that binds and stores iron in the liver and blood. It plays a crucial role in regulating iron levels in the body. Glycogen (A) is a storage form of glucose, not stored by ferritin. Lipids (B) are not stored by ferritin either. Vitamin B12 (C) is mainly stored in the liver bound to specific proteins, not ferritin. Iron is the correct answer as it aligns with the main function of ferritin in iron transport and storage.
Question 3 of 5
The _____ are vessels that project into the villi and absorb fatty substances.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: lacteals. Lacteals are specialized lymphatic vessels located in the villi of the small intestine. They are responsible for absorbing dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins. Lymphatics (choice B) are a broader term for lymphatic vessels and nodes. Veins (choice C) are blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Arteries (choice D) are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. Therefore, only lacteals specifically project into the villi and absorb fatty substances, making them the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following enzymes is involved in the breakdown of proteins?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: pepsin. Pepsin is an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps break down proteins into peptides. It works in a highly acidic environment, denaturing proteins. Amylase (A) breaks down carbohydrates, lipase (B) breaks down fats, and maltase (D) breaks down maltose into glucose. Pepsin is specifically designed to target proteins, making it the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sudden abdominal pain. Gastrointestinal perforation is a serious complication of peptic ulcer disease. Sudden abdominal pain is a key indicator as perforation can lead to leakage of stomach contents into the abdominal cavity causing severe pain. Hyperactive bowel sounds (A) are more indicative of bowel obstruction. Increased blood pressure (C) can occur due to pain or stress but is not specific to gastrointestinal perforation. Bradycardia (D) is not typically associated with gastrointestinal perforation.