Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient with peptic ulcer disease about the effect of ranitidine (Zantac)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that works by blocking the action of histamine on the stomach cells, thereby reducing gastric acid secretion. This helps in healing and preventing further damage to the ulcer. Option A is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't absorb excess gastric acid; it reduces its production. Option C is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't constrict blood vessels. Option D is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't cover the ulcer but rather decreases acid secretion to promote healing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: liver. Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages found in the liver, where they play a crucial role in phagocytosis and immune responses. They help remove debris, toxins, and pathogens from the blood. The other options (A: gallbladder, B: pancreas, C: intestine) are incorrect because Kupffer cells are not typically present in these organs. The liver is the main site for Kupffer cells due to its role in filtering and processing blood.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Mg++. Magnesium is not readily absorbed in the small intestine due to its reliance on active transport mechanisms and limited absorption sites. Na+, Cl-, and K+ are all readily absorbed in the small intestine through passive or active transport processes. Na+ is mainly absorbed through active transport, Cl- through passive diffusion, and K+ through both passive and active transport mechanisms. Therefore, Mg++ stands out as it requires specific carriers for absorption, making it less readily absorbed compared to the other ions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, duodenum. Secretin and cholecystokinin are hormones secreted by the duodenal mucosa in response to the presence of acidic chyme from the stomach entering the duodenum. Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize the acidic chyme, while cholecystokinin stimulates the gallbladder to release bile to aid in digestion. Choices A (pyloric region), B (Ileum), and D (Oesophagus) are incorrect because secretin and cholecystokinin are not secreted in these regions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Disinfect equipment in the client's room daily. This is important for preventing the spread of Clostridium difficile, a highly contagious bacterium causing severe diarrhea. Disinfecting equipment helps eliminate the bacteria from the environment, reducing the risk of transmission to other individuals. Summary of other choices: B: Placing the client in a protective environment is unnecessary and not recommended for Clostridium difficile infection. C: While using alcohol hand sanitizer is important for hand hygiene, disinfecting equipment is more crucial in this case. D: Having the client wear a mask is not necessary for preventing the transmission of Clostridium difficile.