ATI RN
Assessment and Management of Newborn Complications Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which infant is at greatest risk for developing hypoglycemia after birth?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Severe small for gestational age (SGA) infant, as they have limited glycogen stores and are at higher risk for hypoglycemia. SGA infants often have poor growth in utero, leading to decreased nutrient reserves. This puts them at increased risk for low blood sugar levels after birth. Incorrect choices: B: Appropriate for gestational age infants typically have adequate glycogen stores and are at lower risk for hypoglycemia. C: Infants of diabetic mothers with good maternal glucose control are less likely to have hypoglycemia due to stable blood sugar levels in utero. D: Cold-stressed term infants may have transient hypoglycemia, but they are not at the greatest risk compared to severe SGA infants.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a premature neonate in the NICU nursery. The neonate is diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Which specific intervention does the nurse expect for this neonate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Maintain fluid restrictions. For a neonate with BPD and PDA, fluid restrictions are essential to prevent fluid overload and worsening of the conditions. Excessive fluid can exacerbate pulmonary edema in BPD and increase cardiac workload in PDA. Monitoring hemoglobin and hematocrit levels (A) is important but not specific to these conditions. Obtaining blood glucose levels (B) is important for monitoring overall health but not specific to BPD and PDA. Administering enteral feedings (D) may be necessary but does not directly address the primary concern of fluid management in these conditions.
Question 3 of 5
The NICU nurse encourages the mother of a premature neonate to bring breast milk to the unit for enteral feedings to her baby. For which reason does the nurse make this suggestion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because breast milk helps prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature neonates. Breast milk contains protective factors that reduce the risk of NEC, a serious gastrointestinal condition common in preterm infants. Other choices are incorrect: A is not directly related to feeding breast milk, B focuses on emotional involvement rather than physiological benefits, and C does not address the specific health benefits of breast milk in preventing NEC.
Question 4 of 5
The nurses in a NICU are concerned about the appropriate levels of oxygen therapy during the care of premature neonates. The nurses referenced an article by Newman (2014) titled, “Oxygen Saturation Limits and Evidence supporting the Targets.” On which evidence-based conclusion will the nurses develop guidelines?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxygen saturation rates of 91% to 95% are effective. This range is supported by the article by Newman (2014) as the optimal oxygen saturation levels for premature neonates. Here's the rationale: 1. The range of 91% to 95% falls within the typical target range for oxygen saturation in premature neonates, ensuring adequate oxygenation without the risk of hyperoxia or hypoxia. 2. Maintaining oxygen saturation within this range has been shown to improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications in premature neonates. 3. The article by Newman likely provides evidence-based research supporting this specific range as the most effective for neonatal care. In summary, choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the evidence-based optimal oxygen saturation range for premature neonates as supported by the referenced article.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notices that a neonate being treated for hyperbilirubinemia with phototherapy has had a daily increase of total bilirubin serum levels greater than 5 mg/dL for the past 2 days. The neonatal care provider prescribes an exchange transfusion. Which knowledge does the nurse apply to the procedure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a daily increase of total bilirubin levels greater than 5 mg/dL in a neonate being treated for hyperbilirubinemia with phototherapy indicates severe hemolytic disease. This condition requires an exchange transfusion to remove excess bilirubin and replace damaged RBCs. Choice B is incorrect as the percentage of RBCs replaced during an exchange transfusion is closer to 50-60%. Choice C is incorrect as donor RBCs are typically obtained from a blood bank, not the neonate's mother. Choice D is incorrect as an exchange transfusion may be necessary for severe hyperbilirubinemia of various etiologies, not exclusively pathological jaundice.