ATI RN
Questions on the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which hormones of the adrenal glands supplement the sex hormones from the gonads?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gonadocorticoids (androgens like DHEA) from the adrenal cortex's zona reticularis supplement gonadal sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen), contributing to puberty and libido. Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) regulate electrolytes, glucocorticoids (cortisol) manage stress/glucose, and epinephrine/norepinephrine handle acute stress none are sex hormones. Androgens' supportive role distinguishes them, key to adrenal-gonadal synergy, unlike electrolyte or stress hormones.
Question 2 of 5
The body's major metabolic hormone is released from the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid hormone (T3/T4) from the thyroid regulates basal metabolic rate, influencing all cells' energy use. Pituitary (GH), thymus (immunity), and hypothalamus (regulatory) hormones don't match this scope. Thyroid hormone's metabolic dominance distinguishes it, key to systemic energy control, contrasting with growth or immune roles.
Question 3 of 5
Why can a single endocrine hormone produce a wider spread of responses in more of the body than a single nerve cell?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hormones travel via blood, reaching multiple target cells body-wide, eliciting varied responses (e.g., cortisol in stress). Nerve cells target specific cells via synapses, limiting scope. Endocrine-nervous integration exists, but blood's distribution distinguishes hormonal spread, key to systemic effects, contrasting with neural precision.
Question 4 of 5
Thyroid gland produces a hormone called 'thyroxine' which
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thyroxine (T4), produced by the thyroid gland, regulates the body's metabolic rate, dictating how cells convert nutrients into energy, impacting heart rate, digestion, and growth. Blood glucose is managed by insulin/glucagon from the pancreas, ovulation by LH/FSH from the pituitary neither thyroxine's role. 'More than one' is incorrect as thyroxine's primary function is singularly metabolic. This specificity distinguishes thyroxine's systemic metabolic influence, critical for energy homeostasis, contrasting with glucose or reproductive hormones.
Question 5 of 5
Which gland in the human body produces the growth hormone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior pituitary produces growth hormone (somatotropin), driving body growth and metabolism. Pineal makes melatonin, hypothalamus regulates via GHRH, adrenals produce adrenaline/cortisol not GH. Pituitary's 'master gland' status and GH secretion distinguish it, critical for development, with hyposecretion stunting growth, contrasting with regulatory or stress glands.