ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which hormone stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK is produced in the small intestine in response to the presence of fats and proteins. It stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas to aid in digestion. Insulin (A) and Glucagon (B) are involved in regulating blood sugar levels, not digestive enzyme release. Secretin (C) primarily stimulates the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid, not digestive enzymes.
Question 2 of 5
Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care for a 25-yr-old male patient with a new diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Encouraging the patient to express concerns and ask questions about IBS is important for providing emotional support and promoting understanding. Step 2: This action shows empathy and fosters a therapeutic relationship, which can help the patient cope with the new diagnosis. Step 3: By expressing concerns and asking questions, the patient can gain knowledge about IBS and actively participate in their care. Step 4: This approach aligns with patient-centered care principles and empowers the patient to be involved in decision-making regarding their health. Summary: - Option B is incorrect as increasing intake of dairy products can exacerbate IBS symptoms in some individuals. - Option C is incorrect as avoiding NSAIDs is generally recommended for IBS patients due to potential gastrointestinal side effects. - Option D is incorrect as alosetron is a medication with potential serious side effects and should not be the first-line treatment for IBS.
Question 3 of 5
Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient with peptic ulcer disease about the effect of ranitidine (Zantac)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that works by blocking the action of histamine on the stomach cells, thereby reducing gastric acid secretion. This helps in healing and preventing further damage to the ulcer. Option A is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't absorb excess gastric acid; it reduces its production. Option C is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't constrict blood vessels. Option D is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't cover the ulcer but rather decreases acid secretion to promote healing.
Question 4 of 5
Proteins are digested or broken down by the _____ in the stomach.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: pepsin. Pepsin is an enzyme secreted by the stomach that breaks down proteins into peptides. Initially, pepsin is produced in an inactive form called pepsinogen, which is activated by the acidic environment in the stomach. Pepsin works optimally at a low pH, which is maintained by hydrochloric acid (choice C) in the stomach. Lipase (choice D) is an enzyme that breaks down fats, not proteins. So, the correct enzyme responsible for digesting proteins in the stomach is pepsin.
Question 5 of 5
The Kupffer cells are phagocytic cells found in the _____.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: liver. Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages found in the liver, where they play a crucial role in phagocytosis and immune responses. They help remove debris, toxins, and pathogens from the blood. The other options (A: gallbladder, B: pancreas, C: intestine) are incorrect because Kupffer cells are not typically present in these organs. The liver is the main site for Kupffer cells due to its role in filtering and processing blood.