Which hormone is responsible for thickening the cervical mucus during ovulation?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer because it is responsible for thickening the cervical mucus during ovulation. Estrogen levels increase during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, leading to the production of thick, clear mucus that helps sperm travel to the egg for fertilization. Progesterone, FSH, and LH do not directly influence cervical mucus consistency during ovulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer as it plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle by stimulating the growth of the uterine lining. It also triggers ovulation and helps maintain the pregnancy if fertilization occurs. FSH and LH are involved in the release of eggs and development of follicles but are not primarily responsible for regulating the entire menstrual cycle. Progesterone is important for preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy but is not the primary regulator of the menstrual cycle.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Estrogen. Estrogen is responsible for the growth and development of mammary glands in females during puberty and pregnancy. It stimulates the proliferation of glandular tissue, leading to the enlargement and maturation of the mammary glands. Prolactin (choice A) stimulates milk production, oxytocin (choice B) triggers milk ejection, and progesterone (choice D) prepares the breast tissue for lactation but does not directly cause growth and development of mammary glands.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epididymis. The epididymis is a coiled tube located on the back of each testicle, where sperm are stored and matured after they are produced in the testes. It allows for sperm to gain motility and fertilizing capabilities. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The prostate gland secretes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm but does not store them. B: The vas deferens is a duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra but does not store them. C: Seminal vesicles produce seminal fluid that nourishes sperm but do not store them.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer because it is the primary hormone responsible for the development of the female reproductive system during puberty. Estrogen triggers the development of secondary sexual characteristics, regulates the menstrual cycle, and promotes the growth of the uterus and breasts. Testosterone is the male sex hormone and is not responsible for female reproductive system development. Progesterone's main role is in preparing the uterus for pregnancy and maintaining pregnancy, not in the initial development of the female reproductive system. FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) plays a role in regulating the menstrual cycle and stimulating the ovaries, but it is not the primary hormone responsible for the development of the female reproductive system during puberty.