Which hormone is responsible for the maturation of ovarian follicles?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone). FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in the ovaries. It plays a crucial role in the development of eggs and the regulation of the menstrual cycle. LH (Choice B) is responsible for ovulation, estrogen (Choice C) is produced by the developing follicle, and progesterone (Choice D) is primarily involved in preparing the uterus for pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Support and nourish developing sperm. Sertoli cells provide physical and nutritional support to developing sperm cells, assisting in their maturation process. This function is crucial for sperm production and male fertility. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Sertoli cells do not produce testosterone (produced by Leydig cells), store sperm (done by the epididymis), or produce semen (seminal vesicles and prostate gland produce components of semen).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the growth of a dominant follicle, which eventually leads to ovulation. Ovulation typically occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle, about 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period. This is when the mature egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Follicular phase. Choice B: Luteal phase is incorrect because ovulation precedes the luteal phase. Choice C: Menstrual phase is incorrect as ovulation occurs before menstruation. Choice D: Proliferative phase is incorrect because it occurs after ovulation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ovary. The ovary is responsible for the production of eggs through the process of ovulation. The other choices, B: Fallopian tube, C: Uterus, and D: Cervix, do not produce eggs. The fallopian tube is the site of fertilization, the uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, and the cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Therefore, the ovary is the only part of the female reproductive system involved in the actual production of eggs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Progesterone. Progesterone is the hormone responsible for helping breast tissue prepare for milk production by stimulating the growth of milk-producing glands and promoting the development of ducts. Estrogen supports breast development but is not directly involved in milk production. Prolactin is the hormone that actually stimulates milk production after childbirth. Oxytocin is responsible for releasing milk from the breast during breastfeeding, but it does not help in the preparation of breast tissue for milk production. Therefore, Progesterone is the correct answer as it plays a crucial role in preparing the breast tissue for milk production.