Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxytocin. Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor. It is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. Oxytocin plays a crucial role in initiating and sustaining labor contractions by acting on the smooth muscle of the uterus. Estrogen and FSH are not directly involved in uterine contractions. Prostaglandins play a role in cervical ripening and softening but are not the primary hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Fallopian tube. Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the Fallopian tube, where the egg and sperm meet. This site provides the ideal environment for fertilization due to the presence of cilia that help move the egg and sperm towards each other. Additionally, the Fallopian tube provides nourishment and support for the developing embryo before it travels to the uterus for implantation. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The ovary is the site where eggs are produced but not where fertilization occurs. B: The cervix is the lower part of the uterus and serves as a passageway for sperm to enter the uterus but not the site of fertilization. D: The uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, but fertilization itself does not occur in the uterus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer as it plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle by stimulating the growth of the uterine lining. It also triggers ovulation and helps maintain the pregnancy if fertilization occurs. FSH and LH are involved in the release of eggs and development of follicles but are not primarily responsible for regulating the entire menstrual cycle. Progesterone is important for preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy but is not the primary regulator of the menstrual cycle.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Estrogen. Estrogen is responsible for the growth and development of mammary glands in females during puberty and pregnancy. It stimulates the proliferation of glandular tissue, leading to the enlargement and maturation of the mammary glands. Prolactin (choice A) stimulates milk production, oxytocin (choice B) triggers milk ejection, and progesterone (choice D) prepares the breast tissue for lactation but does not directly cause growth and development of mammary glands.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epididymis. The epididymis is a coiled tube located on the back of each testicle, where sperm are stored and matured after they are produced in the testes. It allows for sperm to gain motility and fertilizing capabilities. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The prostate gland secretes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm but does not store them. B: The vas deferens is a duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra but does not store them. C: Seminal vesicles produce seminal fluid that nourishes sperm but do not store them.