Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth of the uterine lining in the first half of the menstrual cycle?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer as it stimulates the growth of the uterine lining during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. It is produced by the developing ovarian follicles. Progesterone maintains the uterine lining in the second half of the cycle. FSH and LH are involved in follicle development and ovulation, respectively, but they do not directly stimulate uterine lining growth.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The cervix during pregnancy functions to prevent bacterial infection by forming a barrier between the uterus and the outside environment. This is crucial to protect the developing fetus from harmful bacteria. The other choices are incorrect because the cervix does not directly support fetal development, secrete estrogen, or store sperm during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Seminal vesicles. Seminal vesicles produce the fluid that nourishes and protects sperm. They contribute a significant portion of the volume of semen. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Epididymis stores and transports sperm, but does not produce nourishing fluid. B: Prostate gland secretes a thin, milky fluid that helps sperm mobility, but not the main nourishing fluid. D: Vas deferens transports sperm from the testes to the urethra, but does not produce nourishing fluid.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Testosterone. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics such as facial hair, deep voice, and muscle growth. It is produced by the testes and plays a crucial role in male reproductive system function. Estrogen (B) is the primary female sex hormone, Progesterone (C) is involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, and FSH (D) is a hormone that stimulates the production of sperm in males and eggs in females.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prolactin. Prolactin is the hormone responsible for the secretion of milk in females. It is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk. Oxytocin is also involved in milk ejection but not milk production. Estrogen and progesterone are reproductive hormones and do not directly stimulate milk production.