ATI RN
Epidemiology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which has been determined to be a major variable in transmission of sexually transmitted infections?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The researchers concluded that ecosocial or contextual conditions strongly enhance sexually transmitted infection risk by increasing sexual risk behaviors and likelihood of exposure to infection. Thus, the environment has been determined to be a more important variable in sexually transmitted infections than the pathogenesis, susceptibility, and the amount of sex education provided.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse wanted a screening test that was very sensitive in determining who might have a particular illness. What might be a problem with using such a sensitive test? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The problem with very sensitive tests is that the test picks up almost all people with the disease but also many others who do not have the disease. These 'false positives' result in persons needing follow-up diagnostic tests. Additional time, effort, and expense, as well as worry, result until the negative test results are obtained.
Question 3 of 5
Which measure is used to describe the frequency of new cases of a disease in a population?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incidence (B) measures new cases over a period, reflecting disease onset. Prevalence (A) is total cases, morbidity (C) is disease burden broadly, and mortality (D) is deaths, not new cases.
Question 4 of 5
What type of epidemiological study involves comparing individuals with a disease to those without the disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Case-control studies (C) compare diseased (cases) and non-diseased (controls) to assess past exposures. A measures prevalence, B follows exposure, D tests interventions.
Question 5 of 5
The primary prevention of disease focuses on:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention (C) prevents disease onset via education/promotion (e.g., vaccination). A is secondary, B is tertiary, D is monitoring.