Which group of people are unlikely to need treatment for their asymptomatic bacteriuria - assuming their renal tracts are normal?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Non-pregnant women with normal tracts don't need asymptomatic bacteriuria treatment no progression risk (e.g., unlike pyelonephritis). Pregnant women require it fetal/renal risk. Young children need clearance developmental impact. Men under 60 suggest obstruction treat underlying. Non-pregnant women's low risk distinguishes it, key to avoiding overtreatment, unlike high-risk groups.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Urine osmolality <500 mOsm/kg isn't pre-renal ARF should be >500, concentrating urine (e.g., hypoperfusion), incorrect. Decreased GFR perfusion drop, true. High specific gravity concentrated, correct. Urinary sodium <10 reabsorption, accurate. High osmolality distinguishes pre-renal, key to hypoperfusion response, unlike dilute error.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cimetidine doesn't falsely cause hematuria beetroot, raspberries, rhubarb mimic blood (pigments), common confounders. Cimetidine (H2-blocker) lacks urinary discoloration true negative. Non-false status distinguishes it, critical for hematuria evaluation, unlike dietary mimics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ice-water enema isn't appropriate for priapism no evidence, ineffective vs. ischemic (e.g., sickle cell). Terbutaline (β-agonist), aspiration (decompression), and Neo-Synephrine (vasoconstriction) target corpora standard. Lack of efficacy distinguishes enema, key to priapism management, unlike proven interventions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vascular surgeon consult is most appropriate for a clotted dialysis shunt thrombectomy/revision restores access, standard. Heparin irrigation risks embolization unsafe. Angiogram diagnoses not treatment. Systemic urokinase is outdated local preferred if thrombolysis needed. Surgical expertise distinguishes it, key to shunt salvage, unlike irrigation or systemic options.