Which group of drugs will the nurse plan to include when teaching a patient who has a new diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statins. Statins are used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with PAD. They help prevent further progression of atherosclerosis and improve blood flow. Antibiotics (B) are not typically indicated for PAD unless there is an infection present. Thrombolytics (C) are used to dissolve blood clots and are not a primary treatment for PAD. Anticoagulants (D) are used to prevent blood clots but are not the first-line treatment for PAD. Overall, statins are the most appropriate choice for managing PAD due to their proven benefits in reducing cardiovascular risk factors associated with the disease.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, a 65-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to the impact of high blood sugar levels on blood vessels and the heart. This increases the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. The other choices do not have as direct a link to cardiovascular disease. Asthma and colorectal cancer are not primary risk factors, and while bisphosphonates can have side effects, they are not typically associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the 65-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus is the client with the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease among the options provided.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Warfarin (Coumadin). Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of blood clots, so anticoagulants like warfarin are used to prevent stroke. Warfarin helps to maintain proper blood thickness. Aspirin (B) is an antiplatelet drug, not as effective as anticoagulant in preventing stroke in atrial fibrillation. Heparin (C) is usually used for short-term anticoagulation and not as a long-term treatment for atrial fibrillation. Clopidogrel (D) is also an antiplatelet drug, not the first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a low O2 saturation level indicates poor oxygenation, which is critical in ADHF. Step 1: Check airway patency and oxygen delivery. Step 2: Administer supplemental oxygen. Step 3: Monitor for improvement in O2 saturation. Choices B, C, and D are important but not as urgent. B: Weight gain can indicate fluid retention but not an immediate threat. C: Elevated heart rate is common in ADHF but not immediately life-threatening. D: Decreased urine output may indicate renal dysfunction, but not as urgent as addressing poor oxygenation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Primary healthcare is essential healthcare based on sound methods and technology. This is because primary healthcare aims to provide basic, essential healthcare services to individuals and families using evidence-based practices and appropriate technology. This ensures that the care provided is of high quality and effective in addressing the health needs of the community. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: While primary healthcare aims to be accessible to individuals and families in the community, it does not necessarily have to be universally accessible. Access may be limited by factors such as geography, resources, or infrastructure. C: Primary healthcare requires active participation from individuals and families to promote health and prevent illness. It focuses on empowering individuals to take control of their health through education and preventive measures. D: Primary healthcare does aim to bring healthcare closer to where people live and work, but this is not the sole defining characteristic. The proximity of care is important for improving access and convenience, but it is not the only aspect that defines primary