Which foods should the nurse suggest for improving folic acid intake?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of maternal fetal monitoring, it is crucial for nurses to educate pregnant women on the importance of folic acid intake for the prevention of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. The correct answer, option D – Oranges and spinach, is rich in folic acid, a vital nutrient during pregnancy. Oranges are a good source of natural folate, while spinach is high in folic acid. These foods can help pregnant women meet their daily folic acid requirements. Option A – Potatoes and grapes, and Option C – Apples and corn, are not the best sources of folic acid compared to oranges and spinach. While these foods are nutritious, they do not provide as high a concentration of folic acid as the correct answer. Option B – Cranberries and squash, are also not optimal choices for improving folic acid intake. While cranberries are rich in antioxidants and squash is a good source of vitamins, they do not contain significant amounts of folic acid compared to oranges and spinach. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of folic acid in pregnancy and the role of specific foods in meeting folic acid requirements. Nurses play a crucial role in educating pregnant women about nutrition to support healthy fetal development, making this knowledge essential in maternal fetal monitoring. By understanding the best food sources of folic acid, nurses can effectively guide pregnant women in making informed dietary choices to support their health and the health of their babies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of maternal fetal monitoring, when a concern arises about alcohol exposure during conception, the nurse should respond by choosing option B) Reassure it's unlikely the baby was affected. This response is the most appropriate because alcohol exposure at the time of conception is less likely to cause harm to the developing fetus compared to exposure during later stages of pregnancy. Option A) Inform the doctor is not the immediate action needed in this situation as the nurse can provide initial reassurance based on the timing of alcohol exposure. Option C) Suggest abortion is not appropriate as the scenario does not warrant such a drastic recommendation based solely on alcohol exposure during conception. Option D) Recommend ultrasound is not necessary at this point as the concern is about alcohol exposure during conception, which does not typically require immediate ultrasound monitoring. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the timing of teratogenic exposures and their impact on fetal development. This knowledge helps nurses provide appropriate reassurance and guidance to patients, promoting better maternal and fetal outcomes. By choosing the correct response, nurses can effectively address patient concerns and provide evidence-based care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Uteroplacental insufficiency. Late FHR decelerations are caused by decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery to the fetus due to impaired uteroplacental circulation. This can result from conditions like placental abruption or placental insufficiency. Altered cerebral blood flow (A) is more related to early decelerations. Umbilical cord compression (B) typically causes variable decelerations. Meconium fluid (D) can lead to fetal distress but is not the primary cause of late decelerations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Spinal block. Spinal anesthesia provides rapid onset and reliable anesthesia for cesarean section, making it the preferred method in nonemergent cases. It is safe for both the mother and the baby, as it does not cross the placental barrier. Spinal anesthesia also allows for better pain control postoperatively compared to other methods. Choice B (Epidural block) may be a suitable option, but spinal anesthesia is preferred due to its faster onset and reliability. Choice C (General anesthesia) is not the preferred method in nonemergent cases as it carries more risks compared to regional anesthesia and may have adverse effects on the baby. Choice D (Intravenous sedation) is not appropriate for cesarean section as it does not provide adequate anesthesia for the procedure and may not be safe for the baby.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory depression. After receiving an epidural block, the nurse should monitor for respiratory depression in a patient with a history of asthma due to the potential for decreased lung function. This is crucial as the medication from the block can affect respiratory drive, leading to compromised breathing. Tachycardia (choice B), elevated blood pressure (choice C), and hyperthermia (choice D) are not typically associated with epidural blocks and are not the primary concerns for a patient with asthma undergoing this procedure.