Which factor is most relevant to the administration of lidocaine I.V. to a male client?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Presence of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) on a cardiac monitor. Lidocaine is commonly used to treat PVCs as it is a Class 1B antiarrhythmic agent that stabilizes cell membranes in the heart, reducing the automaticity of ectopic pacemaker cells. PVCs can be a precursor to more serious arrhythmias, so addressing them promptly is crucial. A: Decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) when measured with a pulse oximeter - Not directly related to the administration of lidocaine. B: Increase in systemic blood pressure - Lidocaine typically has minimal effects on systemic blood pressure, and this is not a primary consideration when administering it. D: Increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) - Lidocaine is not commonly associated with increasing ICP, so this is not a primary concern.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in leukemia, increased white blood cell production crowds out red blood cells in the bone marrow, leading to anemia. The nurse should explain this to the client to address their confusion. Choice B is incorrect because white blood cells indeed contribute to anemia in leukemia. Choice C is unrelated and does not explain the anemia. Choice D is also incorrect as the issue lies in the overcrowding of red blood cells, not the lifespan of cells.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS). A CNS has specialized training and credentialing, allowing them to provide expert clinical care, education, research, and leadership in a specific area of nursing practice. They have advanced knowledge and skills to improve patient outcomes and influence healthcare delivery. A: A Primary Care Nurse typically provides general healthcare services to a variety of patients. B: Private Duty Nurse provides one-on-one care to individual patients in their homes. D: A Visiting Nurse provides care to patients in their homes, but without the specialized training and credentialing of a CNS. In summary, the expanded role of a nurse with specialized training and credentialing is best represented by a Clinical Nurse Specialist due to their advanced clinical expertise and ability to impact healthcare on a broader scale.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Give laxative as ordered. In renal failure, constipation is common due to fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Laxatives can help soften stools and promote bowel movements without increasing fluid intake, which is restricted in renal failure. Increasing fluid intake (B) may worsen fluid overload. Raw fruits and vegetables (C) high in potassium and phosphorus can be harmful. Increasing activity (D) may not directly address the constipation issue.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevent abdominal distention. A Salem Sump tube is a type of nasogastric tube used for decompression and drainage of the stomach. It helps prevent abdominal distention by removing air and fluids from the stomach. This is important in preventing complications such as vomiting, aspiration, and bowel obstructions. Choice A is incorrect because the purpose of a Salem Sump tube is not to apply internal pressure to the abdomen to prevent bleeding. Choice C is incorrect because a Salem Sump tube is not used to instill feedings into the stomach but rather to remove contents from the stomach. Choice D is incorrect because a Salem Sump tube is not used to help in the elimination of urine; it is specifically designed for gastric decompression.