Which factor has the greatest influence on the hospice nurse's ability to provide respectful professional care?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acceptance that death is a natural part of life. This factor is crucial for hospice nurses as it enables them to approach end-of-life care with compassion and understanding. By accepting death as a natural process, the nurse can provide respectful care without fear or denial. Possessing excellent nursing skills (B) is important but not as impactful as having the right mindset towards death. A healthy personal life (C) can contribute to overall well-being but may not directly impact the nurse's ability to provide respectful care. While the desire to work with both the patient and family (D) is important, it is the acceptance of death that underpins the nurse's ability to provide professional care in the hospice setting.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because according to Freud's psychosexual development theory, the oral stage occurs from birth to 18 months. During this stage, infants derive pleasure from sucking and biting, hence using a pacifier to relieve anxiety is a normal behavior. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they describe behaviors that are not developmentally appropriate for the respective age groups according to Freud's theory. Choice B refers to the latency stage (6 to puberty), choice C suggests the phallic stage (3 to 6 years), and choice D indicates the anal stage (18 months to 3 years).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, "Offering self." This is because when a nurse makes themselves available and provides emotional support, they are offering their presence and support to the client, showing empathy and readiness to assist. This approach helps build a therapeutic relationship and provides a safe space for the client to express their feelings. Now, let's analyze the other choices: A: "Focusing" involves directing the conversation to a specific topic or issue, which is different from providing emotional support. C: "Restating" is a technique used to clarify and confirm understanding of the client's message, not necessarily providing emotional support. D: "Giving recognition" involves acknowledging the client's efforts or progress, which is not the same as offering emotional support. In summary, "Offering self" is the most appropriate choice as it aligns with the nurse's role in providing emotional support and being present for the client in a therapeutic manner.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Running amok. A culture-bound syndrome is a psychological disorder specific to a certain culture or region. Running amok is a term used in Southeast Asia to describe a sudden outburst of violent behavior. Epilepsy, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder are not culture-bound syndromes as they are recognized and diagnosed worldwide. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it fits the definition of a culture-bound syndrome.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because only advanced practice nurses, such as psychiatric nurse practitioners, have the authority to prescribe psychotropic medication. This action requires specialized training and legal authorization beyond the scope of practice for staff nurses. Choice A is incorrect because staff nurses are trained to perform mental health assessments as part of their regular duties. Choice C is incorrect as establishing therapeutic relationships is a fundamental nursing skill that all nurses, including new staff nurses, are expected to possess. Choice D is incorrect because individualizing nursing care plans is a standard practice for all nurses based on the patient's specific needs.