ATI RN
Epidemiology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which ethical principle is primarily concerned with protecting participants' privacy and confidentiality?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy (B) includes privacy and consent rights (e.g., confidentiality). A is fairness, C is benefit, D is harm avoidance.
Question 2 of 5
What is the effect of using a lower cutoff point in a diagnostic test?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lower cutoff (C) increases sensitivity (more positives) but decreases specificity (more false positives). A, B, and D defy trade-off.
Question 3 of 5
What is 'case fatality rate'?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Case fatality rate (A) is deaths among cases (e.g., 10% for Ebola). B is incidence, C is mortality, D is at-risk.
Question 4 of 5
What does a dose-response relationship indicate in epidemiology?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dose-response (C) shows risk rising with exposure (e.g., more smoking, more cancer). A, B, and D misinterpret.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following bacteria is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children 3 months to 6 years of age in the United States?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-Hib vaccine, S. pneumoniae leads in this age group.