ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which equation is incorrect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct osmolality formula is 2(Na+) + glucose + urea, not 2(Na+ urea + glucose).
Question 2 of 5
Which is not a potential complication of a massive blood transfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypercalcemia is not a common complication; hypocalcemia is more likely due to citrate binding.
Question 3 of 5
Which is the most appropriate replacement fluid for a patient with significant nasogastric (NG) fluid drainage?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NG drainage typically results in loss of sodium, chloride, and potassium. 0.9% sodium chloride with added potassium chloride (20 mEq/L) closely matches these losses, making it the most appropriate replacement fluid.
Question 4 of 5
A 40-year-old man (weight 60 kg) is admitted to the trauma ICU after a motor vehicle accident. He is noted to have a serum magnesium concentration of 1.2 mg/dL, and his family states he has a history of alcohol abuse. He is given magnesium sulfate 6 g intravenously over 4 hours by the primary service. His repeat serum magnesium concentration on the following day is 1.8 mg/dL. Which would be the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alcohol abuse often leads to chronic magnesium depletion. A serum level of 1.8 mg/dL is still low-normal, and repletion typically requires multiple days (4-5) of magnesium therapy to restore intracellular stores.
Question 5 of 5
The two organ systems that work together to regulate most aspects of the body's water balance are
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The urinary system regulates water excretion, and the cardiovascular system maintains blood volume and pressure, together controlling water balance.