ATI RN
History of Public Health Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which early public health movement focused on reducing the spread of infectious diseases through improved sanitation and hygiene?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The Sanitation Movement. This movement focused on reducing the spread of infectious diseases by improving sanitation and hygiene practices. Sanitation measures like clean water supply, waste disposal, and proper sewage systems were key components in preventing the transmission of diseases. The other choices are incorrect as they do not specifically address the importance of sanitation and hygiene in combating infectious diseases. The Health Promotion Movement emphasizes overall well-being, the Social Determinants of Health Movement focuses on addressing societal factors influencing health outcomes, and the Immunization Movement revolves around the use of vaccines to prevent diseases.
Question 2 of 5
The widespread use of which public health intervention led to the near-eradication of polio worldwide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vaccination campaigns. Vaccination campaigns were crucial in nearly eradicating polio worldwide by creating herd immunity. This intervention effectively prevented the spread of the virus by immunizing large populations. Quarantine measures (B) alone would not have been as effective in eradicating a highly contagious disease like polio. Antiviral drug treatments (C) are not as effective in preventing the spread of a virus like polio compared to vaccination. Health education programs (D) are important but do not directly prevent the transmission of the poliovirus like vaccination does.
Question 3 of 5
Which major health challenge did the U.S. face in the early 20th century, leading to the establishment of public health nursing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The need for maternal and child health programs. In the early 20th century, the U.S. faced high infant mortality rates and poor maternal health due to lack of proper healthcare and education. Public health nursing was established to address these issues through prenatal care, child health initiatives, and education for mothers. This focus on maternal and child health programs was crucial in improving overall community health. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect: A: The rise of chronic diseases - While chronic diseases were a concern, the primary focus of public health nursing at that time was on maternal and child health. B: The spread of influenza - Influenza was a significant health challenge, but it did not lead to the establishment of public health nursing. D: The control of tuberculosis - Tuberculosis was a major public health concern, but it was not the primary driver for the establishment of public health nursing in the early 20th century.
Question 4 of 5
Which international health organization was established to address the global impact of pandemics and health crises?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO was established in 1948 to address global health issues, including pandemics and health crises. It is the leading international organization focused on public health, setting norms and standards, providing technical support, and coordinating responses to health emergencies. The other choices are incorrect because: B: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is a US-based agency focused on domestic health issues, not specifically global pandemics. C: The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria focuses on funding programs to combat specific diseases, rather than overall global health crises. D: The World Bank Health Initiative focuses on financing health projects in developing countries, but it is not a primary organization for addressing pandemics and health crises globally.
Question 5 of 5
What was the primary purpose of the 1935 Social Security Act in the U.S.?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The primary purpose of the 1935 Social Security Act was to provide benefits for elderly, unemployed, and disabled individuals. This act established a system of social insurance that included old-age pensions, unemployment insurance, and assistance for the disabled. The other choices are incorrect because: A: To establish the National Health Service - This was not the primary purpose of the 1935 Social Security Act. The act focused more on economic security than on healthcare. B: To provide a foundation for public health programs - While the act did contribute to the overall well-being of individuals, its main focus was on providing financial support to specific groups in need. C: To create the first national health insurance plan - The act did not create a comprehensive national health insurance plan but rather focused on social insurance programs for specific groups.