ATI RN
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing 6th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which dysrhythmia is most commonly associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventricular fibrillation is the dysrhythmia most commonly associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). Ventricular fibrillation is a rapid, chaotic, and disorganized electrical activity in the ventricles that leads to ineffective contraction. This dysrhythmia can quickly progress to hemodynamic collapse and ultimately cardiac arrest, resulting in sudden cardiac death if not promptly treated with defibrillation. Atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, and junctional escape rhythm are not typically associated with as high a risk of sudden cardiac death as ventricular fibrillation.
Question 2 of 5
What is the purpose of using warm IV fluids to help resuscitate clients in shock?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client is in shock, their body is not able to regulate its temperature effectively. In this situation, using warm IV fluids helps prevent hypothermia by providing the body with fluids at a temperature closer to the body's normal core temperature. Hypothermia can worsen the condition of a client in shock by further compromising their body's ability to maintain adequate perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues. Therefore, utilizing warm IV fluids is essential in the resuscitation of clients in shock to help maintain their core body temperature within a suitable range.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes that the patient has a low calcium level and plans to assess for Chvostek’s sign. How will the nurse conduct this assessment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chvostek’s sign is an assessment technique used to detect hypocalcemia. The nurse will tap lightly over the facial nerve, just in front of the patient’s ear. A positive Chvostek’s sign is indicated by a twitching of the facial muscles on the same side of the face as the area that was tapped. This twitching is due to the hyperexcitability of the facial nerve, which can be a sign of low calcium levels. Therefore, option C is the correct way to conduct the assessment for Chvostek’s sign.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient for an intravenous pyelogram. What should be a part of the patient’s care at this time? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Assess for allergies to seafood or iodine: It is essential to assess the patient for allergies to seafood or iodine because contrast material containing iodine is commonly used during an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Allergic reactions to iodine can range from mild to severe, so assessing for allergies is crucial for patient safety.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care to reduce the risk of a patient in the intensive care unit from developing acute kidney injury. Which intervention should the nurse implement for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). One of the primary interventions to reduce the risk of AKI is to maintain adequate fluid volume and cardiac output. Adequate hydration and adequate perfusion pressure are essential for renal function. Maintaining fluid volume and adequate cardiac output ensure that the kidneys receive enough blood flow and oxygen to function optimally. Conversely, inadequate fluid volume or low cardiac output can lead to decreased renal perfusion, predisposing the patient to AKI. Monitoring and optimizing fluid status and cardiac output are crucial in preventing AKI in high-risk patients in the ICU.