Which drug goes through extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Propranolol is the drug that undergoes extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism. First-pass metabolism refers to the metabolism of a drug by the liver before it enters the systemic circulation. In the case of propranolol, a significant portion of the drug is metabolized by the liver before reaching the systemic circulation, leading to reduced bioavailability. This is why propranolol is often given in higher doses to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Heparin, insulin, nitroglycerine, and warfarin do not undergo significant first-pass metabolism by the liver.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is the agency responsible for enforcing the control of drugs considered to have a potential for abuse in the United States. It is the primary federal agency involved in combating drug trafficking and the illegal distribution of controlled substances. The DEA works to regulate and enforce the Controlled Substances Act, which classifies drugs into different schedules based on their accepted medical use and potential for abuse and addiction. This agency plays a crucial role in preventing the diversion and misuse of controlled substances, as well as ensuring public safety and health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: - Antacids can reduce the absorption of tetracycline when taken together. It is recommended to separate the administration of tetracycline and antacids by at least 2-3 hours to minimize this interaction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A solution is a liquid preparation that contains one or more chemical substances dissolved in a suitable solvent. The solute (chemical substance) is evenly dispersed and mixed with the solvent, resulting in a homogenous mixture. Solutions are commonly used in medicine for oral administration, injections, topical treatments, and various other applications due to their ability to provide accurate dosing and rapid absorption into the body. decoction is a liquid derived from boiling plant material, fluid extract is a concentrated liquid extract of a substance, spirits are alcoholic solutions, and syrup is a viscous solution containing sugar.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Milrinone and furosemide are two medications that are known to interact when mixed together in the same intravenous line. Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that works to increase cardiac contractility and output, while furosemide is a loop diuretic used to promote diuresis. When mixed together, the pH level of the solution can become altered, leading to potential precipitation or inactivation of one or both drugs.