ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which disease was the focus of the first mass immunization campaign in the United States in the 20th century?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smallpox. Smallpox was the focus of the first mass immunization campaign in the US in the 20th century due to its high mortality rate and contagious nature. The successful global eradication of smallpox in 1980 is a testament to the effectiveness of mass immunization efforts. Polio (choice A) had a significant vaccination campaign, but it came later in the century. Measles (choice C) and Tuberculosis (choice D) were not the focus of the first mass immunization campaign in the US.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following events in the late 19th century led to the improvement of public sanitation systems?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The investigation of a cholera outbreak by John Snow. John Snow's investigation in the 1850s linked a cholera outbreak to contaminated water, leading to the improvement of public sanitation systems. This event highlighted the importance of clean water sources and proper waste disposal. The other choices are incorrect because: A - The CDC was established in the 20th century and focuses on disease control and prevention but not specifically sanitation; C - The smallpox vaccine was developed much earlier and is unrelated to public sanitation systems; D - The Affordable Care Act, passed in 2010, primarily addresses healthcare accessibility and affordability, not sanitation improvements.
Question 3 of 5
What public health initiative, introduced in the mid-20th century, aimed to eliminate polio worldwide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative. This initiative was specifically designed to eradicate polio worldwide. It was launched in the mid-20th century and has made significant progress in reducing polio cases globally. The other choices are incorrect because: B: The Global Health Security Agenda focuses on preventing, detecting, and responding to infectious disease threats but not specifically aimed at polio eradication. C: The Smallpox Eradication Campaign targeted smallpox, not polio. D: The Global Immunization Program aims to increase immunization coverage but does not solely focus on polio eradication.
Question 4 of 5
Which major health policy in the U.S. in the 20th century aimed to reduce smoking-related illnesses?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health. This report, released in 1964, was a landmark event that highlighted the dangers of smoking, leading to increased awareness and policy changes. The report provided scientific evidence linking smoking to various health issues, leading to public health campaigns and legislative actions to reduce smoking rates. The other choices, B: The Affordable Care Act, C: The National Cancer Act, and D: The Tobacco Control Act, do not specifically focus on reducing smoking-related illnesses like the Surgeon General's report did.
Question 5 of 5
Which public health law, passed in 1970, was designed to reduce occupational injuries and illnesses in the workplace?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). OSHA was passed in 1970 to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for employees. It sets and enforces standards to prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. Other choices are incorrect because: B: The Environmental Protection Agency Act focuses on environmental protection, not workplace safety. C: The Clean Air Act primarily addresses air pollution control. D: The National Health Service Act pertains to healthcare services in the UK, not workplace safety in the US.