Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A low-phosphorus diet is recommended for children with chronic renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia, which can lead to bone disease and other complications. Phosphorus is found in many processed foods and should be limited. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because high sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and hypertension, while Vitamin D supplementation and vitamins C, E, K are not specifically indicated for dietary recommendations in chronic renal failure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: An authoritative parenting style, which balances warmth with firmness, is associated with fostering self-reliance and independence in children.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Planning. During the planning phase of the nursing process, the nurse utilizes essential information gathered during the assessment about the child's physical, social, and emotional health to determine the most appropriate interventions to address the identified needs. This phase focuses on developing a comprehensive care plan tailored to the individual child. A) Implementation is incorrect because this phase involves carrying out the interventions outlined in the care plan. C) Diagnosis is incorrect as it refers to identifying health issues based on the assessment data. D) Assessment is incorrect as it involves collecting and analyzing data about the child's health status, rather than deciding on interventions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Clear and reasonable rules provide structure and help children understand expectations, promoting consistent behavior and discipline.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: This practice, known as "coining," is a cultural method believed to rid the body of illness and is not indicative of child abuse.