ATI RN
ATI Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which condition is associated with granulomas?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crohn's disease. Granulomas are a characteristic feature of Crohn's disease, forming in response to chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Granulomas consist of immune cells and are seen in the affected tissues of Crohn's patients. Choice B: Grave's disease is an autoimmune condition affecting the thyroid gland, not typically associated with granulomas. Choice C: Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction involving the immune system's response, but it does not lead to granuloma formation. Choice D: Eczema is a skin condition characterized by inflammation and itching, but it does not typically involve granulomas.
Question 2 of 5
Which organ is most commonly affected in sarcoidosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lungs. Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the lungs in about 90% of cases. This is due to the formation of granulomas, inflammatory nodules, in the lung tissue. Kidney (A), Liver (C), and Thyroid (D) are less commonly affected organs in sarcoidosis. Kidney involvement occurs in about 20-30% of cases, liver involvement in about 10-30% of cases, and thyroid involvement is relatively rare. Therefore, based on the prevalence of organ involvement in sarcoidosis, the lungs are the most commonly affected organ.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is studying hypersensitivity reactions. Which reactions are correctly matched with their hypersensitivity types? (Select one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Type II hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by the action of immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin M (IgM), not just IgM alone. IgG or IgM antibodies target specific antigens on the surface of cells or tissues, leading to cell destruction. In contrast, Type I hypersensitivity reactions (choice A) involve immediate IgE-mediated responses to allergens like hay fever and anaphylaxis. Type III reactions (choice C) are characterized by immune complex deposition in tissues, not blood vessel walls. Type IV reactions (choice D) are delayed hypersensitivity reactions involving T cell-mediated responses, such as poison ivy contact dermatitis and transplant rejection.
Question 4 of 5
The most abundant class of immunoglobulin in serum is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: IgG. IgG is the most abundant class of immunoglobulin in serum, constituting about 75% of total immunoglobulins. IgG plays a crucial role in humoral immunity, providing long-term protection against pathogens. IgE (A) is involved in allergic responses, IgA (B) is mainly found in mucosal secretions, and IgD (C) functions as a cell surface receptor on B cells. IgG is the primary immunoglobulin responsible for secondary immune responses and provides the bulk of the adaptive immune response.
Question 5 of 5
The percentage of developing thymocytes undergoing negative selection in the thymus is close to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (90%). Negative selection in the thymus eliminates self-reactive T cells. The process ensures self-tolerance. The majority of developing thymocytes are removed during negative selection, making it close to 90%. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because negative selection eliminates a high percentage of thymocytes, not a lower percentage as indicated in those options.