Which condition is an example of a potential cause of gastritis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Bile reflux is a potential cause of gastritis as it can irritate the stomach lining when bile backs up into the stomach. Choices B, C, and D do not directly cause gastritis. Low salt intake is not a common cause of gastritis. Hypophosphatasia is a rare genetic disorder affecting bone development, not the stomach. Gallstones, while related to the gallbladder, are not a direct cause of gastritis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: oxidative stress from sunlight. Oxidative stress caused by exposure to sunlight is a significant risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. This condition can result in vision loss among older individuals. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Iron-deficiency anemia, decreased intake of phytochemicals, and vitamin B6 malabsorption are not established risk factors for age-related macular degeneration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: Fresh fruits and vegetables are often unavailable in food deserts, where access to nutritious, perishable foods is limited. Choice B, energy-dense foods, is incorrect because these are more likely to be available in food deserts, contributing to health issues. Choice C, beef or pork products, is incorrect as the focus is on the lack of fresh produce. Choice D, grains and cereals, is incorrect as these are staple foods that are more commonly found even in areas classified as food deserts.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: whole grain bread. The WIC program aims to provide nutritious foods to support a healthy diet during pregnancy. Whole grain bread is a good source of fiber and essential nutrients. Choice A, lean beef, is a protein source but may not be as versatile as whole grain bread in providing a variety of nutrients essential during pregnancy. Choice B, fruit-flavored yogurt, may contain added sugars and may not offer the same level of essential nutrients as whole grain bread. Choice D, refried beans, is a good source of protein and fiber, but whole grain bread is often a staple recommended in pregnancy for its nutritional benefits.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A: Gelatin, soups, fruit ices, and frozen fruit bars contribute to your fluid intake. The principle regarding fluid intake when limiting dairy products for Mr. Bradley is that he can obtain fluids from alternative sources besides dairy. Gelatin, soups, fruit ices, and frozen fruit bars are examples of non-dairy fluid sources that can help maintain hydration. Option B, drinking milk in moderation, is incorrect in this case because Mr. Bradley has been advised to limit dairy intake. Consuming milk would contradict this advice and could lead to potential health issues for him. Option C, increasing fiber intake, is irrelevant to the principle of fluid intake and does not address the specific dietary restriction of dairy products for Mr. Bradley. Option D, limiting protein intake, is also unrelated to the principle of fluid intake. While protein intake may be a consideration in overall nutrition, the question specifically focuses on fluid intake in the context of limiting dairy products. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding alternative sources of fluid intake when dietary restrictions are present. It underscores the need for healthcare providers to provide specific guidance on fluid intake to ensure optimal hydration while adhering to dietary recommendations. Students must grasp the relationship between dietary choices and fluid balance to support client health outcomes effectively.