ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which condition appears to have a connection to bipolar disorder in youth?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (ADHD) because research shows a strong link between ADHD and bipolar disorder in youth. Both conditions share symptoms like impulsivity and mood instability. ADHD is often a precursor to developing bipolar disorder later in life. Choice B (Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder) is incorrect because it is a distinct disorder characterized by severe temper outbursts, not directly linked to bipolar disorder. Choice C (Nonepisodic irritability) is incorrect as it does not specify a specific mental health condition and lacks a direct connection to bipolar disorder. Choice D (Schizophrenia) is incorrect as it is a separate psychotic disorder with different symptoms and does not typically co-occur with bipolar disorder in youth.
Question 2 of 5
The family of a child diagnosed with an impulse control disorder needs help to function more adaptively. Which aspect of the child's plan of care will be provided by an advanced practice nurse rather than a staff nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because providing dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) requires specialized training and expertise typically possessed by advanced practice nurses. DBT is a specific therapeutic approach designed for individuals with impulse control disorders, and it involves intensive training and ongoing supervision. Leading an activity group (A) and providing positive feedback (B) are within the scope of practice of both staff nurses and advanced practice nurses. Formulating nursing diagnoses (C) is also a skill that staff nurses can perform as part of the nursing process. In summary, the advanced practice nurse would be better equipped to provide DBT due to their advanced training and expertise in this specific therapeutic approach.
Question 3 of 5
Parents of an adolescent diagnosed with a CD say, 'We don't know how to respond when our child breaks the rules in our house. Is there any treatment that might help us?' Which therapy is likely to be helpful for these parents?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT). PCIT focuses on improving parent-child relationships and teaching parents effective behavior management techniques. It helps parents develop positive communication skills and appropriate discipline strategies. This therapy is likely to be helpful for parents of an adolescent with CD as it addresses the specific challenges they are facing in managing their child's behavior. Summary: B: Behavior modification therapy focuses on changing specific behaviors through reinforcement and punishment, but may not address the underlying parent-child relationship issues. C: Multi-systemic therapy (MST) targets multiple systems involved in the adolescent's life, but may not provide the direct skills and support needed for parents in managing their child's behavior at home. D: Pharmacotherapy involves medication and is not designed to help parents develop effective parenting skills.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent diagnosed with a CD stole and wrecked a neighbor's motorcycle. Afterward, the adolescent was confronted about the behavior but expressed no remorse. Which variation in the central nervous system best explains the adolescent's reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reduced gray matter in the cortex and dysfunction of the amygdala can lead to decreased feelings of empathy. 1. The cortex is responsible for higher-order cognitive functions, including empathy. 2. The amygdala plays a crucial role in processing emotions, such as empathy and remorse. 3. Reduced gray matter in the cortex and dysfunction of the amygdala can result in deficits in recognizing and processing emotions like empathy and remorse. Therefore, the adolescent's lack of remorse could be attributed to these neurological abnormalities. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Serotonin dysregulation and increased testosterone activity primarily affect mood regulation and aggression, not necessarily remorse. B: Neuron destruction in the hippocampus affects memory and learning, not empathy or remorse. D: Disturbances in the occipital lobe primarily impact vision and visual processing, not empathy or remorse.
Question 5 of 5
Which one of the following BEST describes the FIRST step that a physical therapist should take when integrating best evidence into clinical practice?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer D is correct: 1. Identifying a clinically relevant question is crucial for guiding the integration of evidence into practice. 2. This step ensures that the evidence sought aligns with the specific needs and concerns of the patient. 3. By focusing on the patient's individual situation, the therapist can tailor the evidence-based interventions effectively. 4. It sets the foundation for a patient-centered approach to care, enhancing clinical decision-making. 5. Overall, starting with a clinically relevant question is the essential first step in evidence-based practice. Summary: A: Identifying current best evidence is premature without understanding the patient's specific needs. B: Critically appraising evidence comes after identifying the question to ensure relevance. C: Discussing evidence with the patient is important but should follow after identifying the relevant question.