ATI RN
Population Based Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which complication should a nurse monitor for when treating a patient with bulimia nervosa who is experiencing frequent vomiting?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypokalemia and dental enamel erosion. 1. Bulimia nervosa involves frequent vomiting, leading to loss of potassium (hypokalemia) due to electrolyte imbalance. 2. Vomiting also damages tooth enamel, causing dental erosion. 3. Hyperkalemia and elevated blood pressure (choice B) are not typically associated with bulimia. 4. Severe dehydration and low blood sugar (choice C) are possible but not the primary concerns. 5. Hypercalcemia and weight gain (choice D) are not common complications of bulimia.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement by a patient with anorexia nervosa indicates a need for further education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because feeling good about their body and not recognizing the need to gain weight is a common symptom of anorexia nervosa. This statement indicates a lack of insight into the seriousness of their condition and the necessity to restore a healthy weight. The other choices (A, C, D) demonstrate an understanding of the importance of weight gain, collaboration with healthcare professionals, and the need for increased food intake to improve health, indicating a willingness to engage in treatment and recovery.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with an eating disorder states, 'I heard people laughing behind me in the check-out line at the department store. I bet they thought it was hysterically funny that I gained a pound in the last few days.' The nurse documents that the patient is exhibiting which cognitive distortion related to maladaptive eating regulation responses?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Personalization. Personalization is a cognitive distortion where an individual attributes external events to themselves without any evidence. In this case, the patient is assuming that people laughing were directed at them and related to their weight gain, which is a distorted belief. A: Magnification involves blowing things out of proportion, which is not evident in this scenario. C: Overgeneralization involves drawing broad conclusions based on a single incident, which is not happening here. D: Dichotomous thinking involves seeing things in black and white terms, which is not demonstrated in the patient's statement. In summary, the patient's attribution of others' laughter to their weight gain without evidence aligns with the cognitive distortion of personalization, making it the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
A patient tells a nurse, 'The others won't give me my pain meds early, but you are more understanding, you know what it's like to be in pain, and you don't want to see your patients suffer. Could you find a way to get me my pill now? I won't tell anyone.' Which response by the nurse would be most therapeutic?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Acknowledge the patient's pain and show understanding. Step 2: Emphasize the importance of safety in medication administration. Step 3: Set clear boundaries by explaining why giving medicine too soon is unsafe. Step 4: Reiterate empathy for the patient's pain while prioritizing safety. Summary: Answer D is correct as it acknowledges the patient's pain, emphasizes safety, sets clear boundaries, and maintains empathy. Other choices either ignore the patient's request, defer responsibility, or solely focus on safety without empathy.
Question 5 of 5
An individual accompanied by a sibling was brought by ambulance to the emergency room with suspected impaired cognitive function. The patient's aggressive behavior and attempts to get out of bed present a safety issue. The nurse should first consider:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: using a calm tone to orient the patient. This is the most appropriate initial intervention because it aims to address the patient's aggressive behavior by providing reassurance and attempting to reorient them to their surroundings. Using a calm tone can help de-escalate the situation and improve communication with the patient. Applying four-point restraints (choice A) should be avoided as it is a restrictive measure that should only be used as a last resort to ensure patient safety. Leaving the patient alone with the sibling (choice C) may exacerbate the safety issue, as the sibling may not be equipped to manage the situation. Calling for security guards to hold the patient down (choice D) is a forceful approach that should be avoided until all other options have been exhausted.