ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which complication of acute pancreatitis requires prompt surgical drainage to prevent sepsis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pancreatic abscess. A pancreatic abscess is a serious complication of acute pancreatitis that can lead to sepsis if not promptly drained surgically. Abscess formation occurs when infected necrotic tissue accumulates in the pancreas. Prompt surgical drainage is necessary to prevent the spread of infection and systemic complications. A: Tetany is not a complication of acute pancreatitis that requires surgical drainage to prevent sepsis. Tetany is associated with hypocalcemia, which can occur in pancreatitis but is managed medically. B: Pseudocyst is a common complication of pancreatitis but usually resolves spontaneously or can be managed conservatively unless it becomes infected or causes symptoms. C: Pleural effusion can occur in severe cases of pancreatitis but is managed medically through supportive care and may not always require surgical drainage unless it leads to complications like infection.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing a student nurse's charting and notes that the student has documented absent bowel sounds. The nurse reminds the student that in order to document absent bowel sounds, one must auscultate each quadrant at what period of time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (5 minutes). Bowel sounds may be absent temporarily and can vary in different quadrants. Auscultating each quadrant for a longer duration (5 minutes) allows for a more accurate assessment. Choices A-C are incorrect because they do not provide sufficient time to accurately determine the presence or absence of bowel sounds in all quadrants. A shorter time frame might lead to inaccurate documentation and potentially missed abnormal findings.
Question 3 of 5
Parietal cells secrete .
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: hydrochloric acid. Parietal cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid, which plays a crucial role in breaking down food and creating an acidic environment for digestion. Gastrin (choice A) is a hormone that stimulates acid secretion. Pepsin (choice C) is an enzyme produced by chief cells, not parietal cells. Pepsinogen (choice D) is the inactive precursor of pepsin. Therefore, the correct choice is hydrochloric acid as it directly relates to the function of parietal cells in the stomach.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with a leg ulcer. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate to promote healing of the ulcer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because elevating the affected leg helps improve blood circulation, reduce swelling, and promote healing of the ulcer. Applying a pressure bandage also helps with compression therapy, which aids in managing wound drainage and preventing infection. A: Applying a dry dressing may not provide enough moisture for proper wound healing. C: Using a hydrocolloid dressing can promote moisture retention but avoiding movement of the leg may hinder circulation and delay healing. D: Administering antibiotics is important if there is an infection present, but it does not directly promote healing of the ulcer.
Question 5 of 5
What triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: cholecystokinin. Cholecystokinin is a hormone released by the small intestine in response to the presence of fatty acids and amino acids in the duodenum. It stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Gastrin (A) stimulates acid secretion in the stomach. Secretin (B) stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid. Insulin (D) is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels and does not play a role in bile release.