ATI RN
The Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which client statement would the nurse recognize as indicating that the client understands dietary teaching related to lithium carbonate (Lithobid) treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will maintain normal salt intake." This statement indicates understanding because lithium is sensitive to salt levels in the body. Maintaining normal salt intake helps prevent lithium toxicity. Choice A is incorrect because adequate fluid intake is important to prevent dehydration. Choice C is incorrect because Lithobid should be taken with food to reduce stomach upset. Choice D is incorrect because lithium can actually cause weight gain, so increasing caloric intake is not necessary. Maintaining normal salt intake is crucial for lithium therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has heart failure, and a high dose of furosemide is ordered. What suggests a favorable response to furosemide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in heart failure, furosemide helps with fluid removal through diuresis, leading to decreased fluid overload. A decrease in respiratory rate from 28/min to 20/min and increased depth suggests improved lung function due to reduced fluid accumulation in the lungs. This indicates a favorable response to furosemide therapy. Choice A is incorrect because a decrease in level of consciousness and increased sleepiness is not a favorable response to furosemide. Choice C is incorrect because increased congestion in breath sounds and complaints of shortness of breath indicate worsening symptoms, not an improvement. Choice D is incorrect because a urine output of 50 mL/4 hours is low and indicates inadequate response to diuretic therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The therapeutic action of neurotransmitter inhibitors that block reuptake cause:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: increased concentration of neurotransmitter in the synaptic gap. When neurotransmitter reuptake is blocked, it remains in the synaptic gap longer, leading to an increased concentration available for binding to postsynaptic receptors. This enhances neurotransmission and can help alleviate symptoms associated with neurotransmitter imbalances. A: decreased concentration of the neurotransmitter in the central nervous system - This is incorrect because blocking reuptake leads to an increased concentration of neurotransmitter, not decreased. C: destruction of receptor sites - This is incorrect as blocking reuptake does not lead to the destruction of receptor sites. D: limbic system stimulation - This is incorrect as blocking reuptake affects neurotransmitter levels in the synaptic gap, not the stimulation of a specific brain region like the limbic system.
Question 4 of 5
When a patient requires an ever-increasing dose of a medication to achieve the same therapeutic effect, the nurse must assess the patient for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: tolerance. Tolerance occurs when a patient needs higher doses of a medication to achieve the same therapeutic effect over time. This indicates the body has adapted to the drug, requiring increased doses. Assessing for tolerance is crucial to prevent potential overdose or underdosing. A: Withdrawal is the body's reaction when a patient suddenly stops taking a medication, not when needing higher doses for the same effect. B: Patency refers to the openness of a tube or vessel, not related to needing increased drug doses. C: Side effects are potential adverse reactions to a medication but do not necessarily indicate the need for higher doses.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been treated for lung cancer for 3 years. Over the past few months, the patient has noticed that the opioid analgesic is not helping as much as it had previously and more medication is needed for the same pain relief. The nurse is aware that this patient is experiencing opioid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: tolerance. Tolerance occurs when a patient requires increasing doses of a medication to achieve the same effect over time. In this case, the patient needs more opioid medication for the same pain relief, indicating tolerance. Addiction (A) involves a psychological dependence on a substance, which is not directly related to the need for increased doses for pain relief. Toxicity (C) refers to harmful effects of a drug at excessive doses, not the need for higher doses for pain relief. Abstinence syndrome (D) is the set of symptoms that occur when a person stops using a drug abruptly, not the need for increasing doses due to decreased effectiveness.